Amerikaning mahalliy tillaridan inglizcha so'zlar ro'yxati - List of English words from indigenous languages of the Americas

Bu ro'yxati Ingliz tili dan olingan so'zlar Amerika qit'asining mahalliy tillari, to'g'ridan-to'g'ri yoki kabi oraliq Evropa tillari orqali Ispaniya yoki Frantsuzcha. † so'zning ta'rifiga havolani bildiradi. Unda etnik guruhlarning nomlari yoki mahalliy tillardan olingan joy nomlari qamrab olinmagan.

Mahalliy Amerika / Birinchi millatlar tilidan kelib chiqqan so'zlarning aksariyati umumiy ismlar mahalliy o'simlik va hayvonot dunyosi uchun, yoki narsalarni tasvirlab bering Tug'ma amerikalik yoki Birinchi millatlar hayot va madaniyat. Ba'zi birlari tub amerikaliklar yoki birinchi millat xalqlari sharafiga yoki so'zning asl ob'ektiga noaniq o'xshashlik tufayli qo'llanilgan. Masalan; misol uchun, sekvoyalar Cherokee rahbari sharafiga nomlangan Sequoyah, bu daraxt oralig'idan 2000 mil sharqda yashagan, ammo kinkajou Janubiy Amerikaning aloqasi bo'lmagan Shimoliy Amerikadan ism berilgan bo'ri.

Algonquian tillaridan so'zlar

Tilda so'zlashadigan tub amerikaliklar va birinchi millat xalqlari ekan Algonquian guruhi bo'ylab ingliz tadqiqotchilari va ko'chmanchilari bilan birinchi bo'lib uchrashganlar Sharqiy dengiz tubi, ushbu tillardan ko'plab so'zlar ingliz tiliga kirib bordi.

Bundan tashqari, ko'plab joy nomlari Shimoliy Amerika kelib chiqishi Algonquian, masalan: Missisipi (qarang Mayami-Illinoys: mihsisiipiiwi va Ojibve: misiziibiga ishora qilib, "buyuk daryo" Missisipi daryosi )[1][2] va Michigan (qarang: Mayami-Illinoys: meehcakamiwi, Ojibve: Mishigami, "buyuk dengiz" Michigan ko'li ).[2][3] Kanada provinsiyalari va AQSh shtatlari, tumanlar, okruglar va munitsipalitetlar kabi Algonquian nomlarini olib yurishadi Kvebek, Saskaçevan, Nantaket, Massachusets, Nugatak, Konnektikut, Vayoming, Keevatin tumani, Outagamie okrugi (Viskonsin) va Chikago, Illinoys, yoki Algonquiandan olingan ismlar, masalan Algoma.

Bundan tashqari, ba'zilari Amerika qit'asining tub aholisi guruhlar Algonquian tomonidan yaxshiroq tanilgan exonimlar, ularnikidan ko'ra endonim kabi Eskimo (pastga qarang), Winnebago (balki dan Potawatomi: vinpyeko, yoqilgan  "(iflos suv odamlari"),[4] Si (oxir-oqibat Ottava: nilufar),[4] Assiniboin (Ojibve: asiniibwaan, yoqilgan  "tosh Sioux")[2] va Chipevyan (Kri: čīpwayān, yoqilgan  '(ular) uchi terilari yoki terilari').[5]

Apishamor †
Algonquian tilidagi "yotadigan narsa" ma'nosidagi so'zdan.[6] (c.f. Ojibve apishimon).[2]
Atamasko nilufari †
Oldinroq "attamusca", dan Powhatan.[7][8]
Babiche †
Kimdan Mikmaq apapíj (dan.) apapi, "shnur, ip", Proto-Algonquian * arapapy, dan * terapiya-, "net" + * -a · by-, "string".[9]
Karibu †
Kimdan Mikmaq qalipu, "snow-shoveler" (dan.) qalipi, "belkurak qor", Proto-Algonquian * maka · ripi-).[10]
Kokus †
Etimologiya haqida bahslashmoqdalar: ikkita mumkin manbalar Algonquian so'zi bo'lib, "maslahat", "cau´-cau-as´u"; yoki Algonquian nilufar, maslahatchi, suhbatdosh yoki notiq ma'nosini anglatadi.[11]
Chinkapin †
Kimdan Powhatan chekinquaminlar,[12] sifatida qayta tiklangan * / t͡ʃiːht͡ʃiːnkweːmins /, ko`plik shakli.[13]
Chipmunk †
Dastlab "chitmunk", dan Odawa jidmoonh[14] / t͡ʃɪtmő / (c.f. Ojibve ajidamoo (nh)),[2] "Amerikalik qizil sincap ".
Cisco †
Dastlab "siscowet", dan Ojibve tili bemidewiskaawed "yog'li tanali [baliq]".[15]
Eskimo †
Kimdan Eski Montagnais aiachkimeou ([aːjast͡ʃimeːw]; zamonaviy ayassimēw), "snowshoe-netter" ma'nosini anglatadi (ko'pincha noto'g'ri deb da'vo qilingan Ojibve so'zi "xom [go'sht] yeyuvchilar") degan ma'noni anglatadi va dastlab " Mikmaq.[16][17]
Hackmatack †
Algonquian tilidan akemantak (c.f. Ojibve aagimaandag), "qor poyafzal butalar ".[iqtibos kerak ]
Hikori †
Kimdan Powhatan , "ziravorli yong'oq bilan tayyorlangan sutli ichimlik".[18][19]
Hominy †
Powhatan-dan / , tom ma'noda "muomala qilingan narsa", bu holda "maydalangan / kaltaklangan".[20]
Husky †
Oxir oqibat "Eskimo" so'zining variant shaklidan (yuqoriga qarang).[21]
Kinkajou †
Algonquian so'zidan, "bo'rilar" ma'nosini anglatadi (qarang). Algonkin kwwawaage, Ojibve gwiingwa'aage),[2] frantsuzcha orqali quincajou.[22]
Kinnikinnik †
Kimdan Unami Delaver / kələkːəˈnikːan /, "aralash" (qarang. Ojibve) giniginige "jonli narsani jonsiz narsaga aralashtirish"),[2] dan Proto-Algonquian * kereken-, "qo'l bilan boshqacha narsa bilan aralashtiring".[23]
Mackinaw †
Kimdan michilmackinac, dan Menomini mishilimaqkināhkw, "toshbaqa toshbaqasi kabi katta bo'ling",[iqtibos kerak ] yoki dan Ojibve mishi-makinaak, frantsuzcha bilan "katta tortiladigan toshbaqa" -ile-, "orol".[iqtibos kerak ]
Mokasin †
Algonquian tilidan, ehtimol Powhatan ,[24] sifatida qayta tiklangan * / mahkesen /[25](c.f. Ojibve makizin,[2] Mikmaq mɨkusun,[26] dan Proto-Algonquian * maxkeseni).[27]
Mus †
Kimdan Sharqiy Abenaki moz, boshqa Algonquian tillaridan kelgan qarindoshlar tomonidan mustahkamlangan[28][29] (masalan, Massachusett / Narragansett moos,[29] Ojibve moo (n) z,[2] Lenape mus "elk"[30]), dan Proto-Algonquian * mo · swa.[29]
Mugvump †
"Mugquomp" dan, qisqartirish Massachusett , "urush boshlig'i" (Proto-Algonquian * memekwa · pe · va, dan * memekw-, "tezkor" + * -a · pe ·, "kishi").[31]
Muskellunge †
Oxir oqibat Ojibvadan maashkinoozhe,[2] "xunuk pike "(cf.) ginoozhe, "pike").
Muskeg †
Kri shahridan maskēk, "botqoq"[32] (Proto-Algonquian * mashkye · kwi).[33]
Mushkrat †
A xalq etimologi oldingi "musquash" ning shaklini o'zgartirish, dan Massachusett (c.f. G'arbiy Abenaki mskwas), aftidan Proto-Algonquian * mo · šk, "bob (suv yuzasida)" + * -exkwe · -, "bosh" + lotin oxiri).[33]
Opossum †
Kimdan Powhatan / / , "oq itga o'xshash hayvon",[34] sifatida qayta tiklangan * / aːpassem /[35] (c.f. Proto-Algonquian * waːp-aʔθemwa, "oq it").[36][37]
Papoz †
Kimdan Narragansett <papoòs>[38] yoki Massachusett , "bolam".[39]
Pecan †
Kimdan Illinoys pakani (c.f. Ojibve bagaan),[2] "yong'oq ", dan Proto-Algonquian * paka · ni.[40]
Pemmikan †
Kimdan Kri pimihkān, dan pimihkēw, "surtma qilish" (Proto-Algonquian * pemihke · wa, dan * pemy-, "surtma" + -ehke ·, "qilish").[41]
Xurmo †
Kimdan Powhatan sifatida qayta tiklangan / /pushemins> * / pessiːmin /.[42] Oxirgi element aks etar ekan Proto-Algonquian * -min, "meva, berry", boshlang'ich noma'lum.[43]
Pipsisseva †
Kimdan Abenaki kpipskwáhsawe, "o'rmon gullari".[38][44]
Pokeweed †
Ehtimol, "puccoon" dan (pastga qarang) + "begona o't".[38]
Pone †
Kimdan Powhatan / , "qovurilgan narsa" (qayta tiklangan * / apoːn /)[45] (c.f. Ojibve abvaan),[2] dan Proto-Algonquian * apwa · n.[46]
Pauu †
Kimdan Narragansett pawwaw, "shaman " (Proto-Algonquian * pawe · wa, "orzu qilmoq, ko'rmoq").[47]
Puccoon †
Kimdan Powhatan ,[38] sifatida qayta tiklangan * / pakkan /[48] (c.f. Unami Delaver [pɛːkɔːn], 'qizil bo'yoq; bo'yoq tayyorlanadigan o'simlik ').[49][50]
Pung
Bitta otga mo'ljallangan kam qutiga o'xshash chana. Janubiy Yangi Angliyaning Algonquian tilidan qisqartirilgan "tom-pung" shakli ("toboggan" bilan bir xil etimondan).[51]
Punkie †
Via orqali Golland, dan Munsei [ponkwəs] (Proto-Algonquian * penkwehsa, dan * penkw-, "chang, kul" + * -ehs, a kichraytiruvchi qo'shimchasi).[52]
Quahog †
Kimdan Narragansett .[53]
Quonset kulbasi †
Yangi Angliya janubidagi Algonquian tilidan, ehtimol "kichik uzun joy" degan ma'noni anglatadi (, "uzun" + <-s-> bilan, kichraytiruvchi + <-et>, mahalliy ).[54]
Rakun †
Kimdan Powhatan / ,[55] sifatida oldindan tuzilgan * / aːreːhkan /.[56]
Saxem †
Yangi Angliya janubidagi Algonquian tilidan,[57] c.f. Narragansett (Proto-Sharqiy Algonquian * sākimāw, "boshliq").[58]
Sagamor †
Kimdan Sharqiy Abenaki sakama (c.f. Narragansett ), "boshliq", dan Proto-Sharqiy Algonquian * sākimāw.[58]
Shoepac †
Kimdan Unami Delaver [t͡ʃipahkɔ] "poyabzal" (singular) [t͡ʃiːpːakw]), o'zgartirilgan o'xshashlik inglizcha "shoe" bilan.[59]
Skunk †
Kimdan Massachusett <squnck>[iqtibos kerak ] (Proto-Algonquian * sheka · kwa, dan * shek-, "siydik chiqarish" + * -a · kw, "tulki").[60]
Qovoq (meva) †
Kimdan Narragansett .[61]
Squaw †
Kimdan Massachusett (cf.) Kri iskwē, Ojibve ikwe),[2] "ayol", dan Proto-Algonquian * ewkwe · wa.[61]
Succotash †
Kimdan Narragansett , "makkajo'xori qaynatilgan butun donalari" (Proto-Algonquian * mesi · nkwete · wari, birlik * mesi · nkwete ·, dan * mes-, "butun" + * -i · nkw-, "eye [= kernel]" + -ete ·, "pishirmoq").[62]
Tabagie †
Algonquindan tabagiya.[63]
Terrapin †
Dastlab "torope", dan Sharqiy Algonquian tili, ehtimol Powhatan (qayta tiklangan * / toːrepeːw /)[64] (c.f. Munsei Delaver / toːlpeːw /),[65] dan Proto-Sharqiy Algonquian * tōrepēw.[66]
Toboggan †
Kimdan Mikmaq topaqan[67] yoki Maliseet-Passamaquoddy / tʰaˈpakən /[68] (Proto-Algonquian * weta · pye · kani, dan * ho'l-, "sudrab borish" + * -a · piyoz · -, "simga o'xshash narsa" + * -kan, "asbob").[67]
Tomaxavk †
Kimdan Powhatan (Proto-Algonquian * temaha · kani, dan * tema-, "kesish" + * -a · kan, "uchun vosita").[69]
Totem †
Kimdan Ojibve nindoodem, "mening totemim" yoki odoodeman, "uning totemi", a ga ishora qiladi qarindoshlar guruhi.[70]
Tukkahoe †
Kimdan Powhatan / / , "non uchun ishlatiladigan ildiz", qayta tiklangan * / takwahahk /[71] (balki dan Proto-Algonquian * takvoh-, "pound (it) / kamaytirish (it) un").[72]
Tullibi †
Eski Ojibvadan * / otoːlipiː /[73] (zamonaviy odoonibii).[2]
Vampum †
Oldinroq "wampumpeag", dan Massachusett va "oq iplar [munchoqlar]" ma'nosini anglatadi (c.f. Maliset: wapapiyik,[74] Sharqiy Abenaki wapapəyak, Ojibve vabaabiinyiny),[2] dan Proto-Algonquian * wa · p-, "oq" + * -a · py-, "qatorga o'xshash ob'ekt" + * -aki, ko'plik.[75][76]
Vanigan †
Ojibvadan vaanikaan, "omborxona"[77]
Vapiti (elk) †
Kimdan Shouni vaapiti, "oq dumba" (cf) Ojibve waabidiy),[2] dan Proto-Algonquian * va · petviya, dan * wa · p-, "oq" + * -etwiy, "rump".[78]
Wickiup †
Kimdan Tulki wikiyaapi, xuddi shu narsadan Proto-Algonquian etimon "wigwam" (pastga qarang).[79]
Vigvam †
Kimdan Sharqiy Abenaki wikafawam (c.f. Ojibve wiigiwaam),[2] dan Proto-Algonquian * wi · kiwa · Hmi.[80]
Vudchak †
Qayta shakllantirildi o'xshashlik "o'tin" va "chakka" bilan, janubiy Yangi Angliyaning Algonquian tilidan (qarang). Narragansett , "woodchuck").[81]

Nahuatldan so'zlar

Agar boshqacha ko'rsatilmagan bo'lsa, Dictionnaire de la langue nahuatl classique har bir etimologiya uchun ishlatiladigan manbalardan biridir

So'zlari Nahuatl kelib chiqishi ko'plab Evropa tillariga kirib kelgan. Asosan ular buni qilishdi Ispaniya. Nahuatldan chiqqan so'zlarning ko'pi nahuatl shaklida tugaydi "absolyutiv affiks " (-tl, -tli, yoki -liyoki Ispaniyaning moslashuvi -te), bu egasiz ismlarni belgilagan.

Axiote †
dan aqiotl [aːˈt͡ʃiot͡ɬ]
Atlatl †
dan ahtlatl [ˈAʔt͡ɬat͡ɬ]
Atole †
dan atōlli [ˈAːtoːlli]
Avokado †
dan akaxatl, "avakado" yoki "moyak" [aːˈwakat͡ɬ]
Axolotl †
āxōlōtl, dan ā-, 'suv' + xōlōtl, "erkak xizmatkor"[82] [aːˈʃoːloːt͡ɬ]
Kakao † va kakao †
dan kaxuatl [kaˈkawat͡ɬ]
Chayote †
dan chayohtli [t͡ʃaˈjoʔt͡ɬi]
Chia †
dan chiyan [ˈT͡ʃi.jan]
Chikl †
dan tzictli [ˈT͡sikt͡ɬi]
Qalampir †
dan chīlli [ˈT͡ʃiːlːi]
Chipotle†
dan chilpoctli "dudlangan chili" ma'nosi
Shokolad †
Ko'pincha Nahuatldan deb aytishadi xocolatl[38] yoki chokolatl,[83] olingan bo'lishi mumkin xococ "achchiq" va atl "suv" (tartibsiz o'zgarishi bilan x ga ch).[84] Biroq, shakl xocolatl to'g'ridan-to'g'ri tasdiqlanmagan va shokolad nahuatlda XVIII asr o'rtalariga qadar paydo bo'lmaydi. Yaqinda ba'zi tadqiqotchilar buni taklif qildilar shokolad element dastlab edi chikol-va shokolad tayyorlash uchun ishlatiladigan maxsus yog'och tayoqchani nazarda tutgan.[85]
Kopal †
dan kopalli[86]
Koyot †
dan coyōtl
Epazote †
dan epazōtl
Guakamol †
dan āhuacamōlli, dan axuaka-, 'avakado' va mōlli, "sous"
Xatzin †
dan huaktzin[87]
Jikama †
dan xicamatl
Mesquite †
dan mizquitl [Iskmiskit͡ɬ]
Mezkal †
dan mexcalli [meʃˈkalːi] metl [met͡ɬ] va ixcalli [iʃˈkalːi] bu "pechda pishirilgan agava" degan ma'noni anglatadi.[88]
Mole †
dan mōlli [ˈMoːlːi], "sous"
Noksamalizatsiya †
dan nixtamalli
Yo'q †
dan noxpalli [noʔˈpalːi], "tikanli nok kaktus"
Ocelot †
dan ocēlōtl [oːˈseːloːt͡ɬ]
Peyote †
dan peyōtl [ˈPejoːt͡ɬ]. Nahuatl, ehtimol, ildizni qarz oldi peyō- boshqa tildan, ammo manbai ma'lum emas.[89]
Pinole †
Nahuatldan pinolli, Ispaniya orqali
Ketsal †
dan ketsalli [keˈt͡salːi], 'Ketsal patlar ".[90]
Sapodilla †
dan nilufar
Sapota †
dan tzapotl [ˈT͡sapot͡ɬ]
Shack †
ehtimol dan xaxcalli [ʃaʔˈkalːi], "o't kulbasi" Meksika ispan.[38][91]
Sotol †
dan tzotolli[92]
Tamale †
dan tamalli [taˈmalːi]
Tekila
dan téquitl "ish" + tlan "joy"
Tlacoyo †
dan tlahtlaōyoh [t͡ɬɑʔt͡ɬɑˈoːjoʔ]
Pomidor †
dan tomatl [ˈTomat͡ɬ]
Tule †
dan tllin [ˈToːlːin], 'qamish, qo'pol'

Kechua so'zlari

Agar boshqacha ko'rsatilmagan bo'lsa, Amerind tillaridan ingliz tilidagi so'zlar har bir etimologiya uchun ishlatiladigan manbalardan biridir

Dan bir qator so'zlar Kechua ingliz tiliga, asosan ispan tiliga kirib, ispancha imlolarni qabul qildilar.

Ayaxuaska †
dan aya "murda" va waska "arqon", ispancha orqali ayaxuaska
Kachua †
dan qhachwa
Chuno †
dan ch'uñu
Koka †
dan kuka, Ispaniya orqali koka
Kokain †
dan kuka (yuqoriga qarang), ehtimol frantsuzcha orqali kokain
Kondor †
dan kuntur, Ispaniya orqali maslahatchi
Gran Chako †
dan chaku, "ov"
Guanako †
dan wanaku
Guano †
dan wanu Ispaniya orqali guano
Inka †
dan Inka "lord, qirol"
Jerky †
dan ch'arki, Ispaniya orqali charquí
Lagniappe †
dan yapay, "qo'shish, qo'shish", ispancha orqali la yapa (bilan aniq artikl la).
Lima †
dan rimay, "gapirish" (nomidan.) shahar uchun nomlangan Rimaq daryo ("gapiradigan daryo"))
Llama †
dan llama, Ispaniya orqali
Mashua †
dan masva
Pampa †
dan pampa, "katta tekislik", ispancha orqali
Pisco †
dan yomon, "qush"
Puma †
dan puma, Ispaniya orqali
Xinin †
dan kinakina, Ispaniya orqali quina
Kinuva †
dan kinva, Ispaniya orqali Kinuva
Soroche †
dan suruqchi yoki suruqch'i, "Balandlik kasalligi "[93][94]
Vikuna †
dan wik'uña, Ispaniya orqali Vikuna

So'zlar Eskimo-Aleut tillari

Anorak †
dan Grenlandiyalik Inuit annoraaq[95]
Chimo †
dan Inuktitut so'z saymo (ᓴᐃᒧ Inuktitut talaffuzi:[sa.iˈmo], salomlashish, xayrlashish va tost ichishdan oldin.[96] Salomlashish va xursandchilik sifatida ishlatiladi Kanada harbiy muhandislari tomonidan Janubiy Ontario va G'arbiy Kanadaning ba'zi joylarida, xususan Saskatun, Saskaçevanda kengroq tarqalgan.[iqtibos kerak ]
Igloo †
dan Inuktitut iglu (ᐃᒡᓗ Inuktitut talaffuzi:[iɣˈlu])[97]
Ilanaoq †
Inuktitut ilanaaq (ᐃᓚᓈᒃ Inuktitut talaffuzi:[ilanaːk]), "do'st". Uchun logotip nomi 2010 yilgi qishki Olimpiya o'yinlari
Inuksuk †
dan Inuktitut inuksuk (ᐃᓄᒃᓱᒃ Inuktitut talaffuzi:[inukˈsuk])[97]
Kayak †
dan Inuktitut qajoq (ᖃᔭᖅ Inuktitut talaffuzi:[qaˈjaq])[97]
Malamut †
dan Inupiaq Malimiut, Inupiaq kichik guruhining nomi[98]
Mukluk †
dan Yupik maklak ([makɬak]), "soqolli muhr "[97]
Nanook †
dan Inuktitut oq ayiq uchun so'z Nanuq (ᓇᓄᒃ Inuktitut talaffuzi:[naˈnuq]),[99] 1922 yilgi hujjatli film tufayli ingliz tilida mashhur bo'lgan "qutb ayig'i" Shimolning nanoki, ushbu ismga ega odam ishtirok etdi.
Nunatak †
dan Grenlandiyalik Inuit nunataq[100]
Tiktaalik †
dan Inuktitut tiktaalik (ᑎᒃᑖᓕᒃ Inuktitut talaffuzi:[tiktaːlik]), "katta chuchuk suv baliqlari"[101]
Umiaq †

So'zlar Arawakan tillari

Anol †
dan Aravaakan tili, yoki ehtimol Karib, yo'li bilan Frantsuzcha anolis.[102][103][104]
Barbekyu †
dan Aravaakan tili ning Gaiti barbakoa, "tayoqlarning ramkasi",[105] orqali Ispaniya barbakoa.[106]
Qaroqchi †
dan Aravaakan tili bukkan, "Taínos va Caribs asta-sekin go'shtni qovuradigan yoki chekadigan yog'och ramka", orqali Frantsuzcha boucane.[107]
Cacique yoki kassik †
Tinodan cacike yoki Aravak kasсекa "boshliq"[108]
Kayman †
dan Ta-maipur tili, "suv ruhi" (cf) Garifuna [aɡaiumã]),[109][110] ehtimol oxir-oqibat Afrika kelib chiqishi.[111]
Kanoeda eshkak eshish †
dan Taíno orqali Ispaniya kanoa.[112]
Kassava †
dan Taíno kachabi, "maniok ovqat", orqali Ispaniya yoki Portugal.[113]
Cay †
Tinodan, ispancha cayo.[114]
Guayak †
dan Taíno guayakan ispan va lotin tillari orqali.[115]
Guava †
ispan tilida, arakakan tilidan guayaba.[116]
Hammok †
dan Taíno, Ispaniya orqali hamaka.[117]
Bo'ron †
dan Taíno hurakan, orqali Ispaniya.[118]
Iguana †
dan Aravakan til Ivana.[119][120]
Makana †
dan Taíno makana Ispaniya orqali.
Makkajo'xori †
dan Taíno mahis, ispancha.[121][122]
Mangrov †
dan Taíno, orqali Ispaniya manglay yoki Portugal manga.[123]
Papaya †
dan Taíno.[124]
Kartoshka †
dan Taíno "papa" so'zi, orqali Ispaniya patata.[125]
Savanna †
dan Taíno zabana, orqali Ispaniya.[126]
Tamaki †
ehtimol Aravaakan tili, orqali Ispaniya: tabako.[67]
Yuca †
dan Taíno, orqali Ispaniya.[127]

So'zlar Tupi-Guarani

Agouti †
dan Tupi-Guaraní akutí, orqali Portugal aguti orqali Frantsuzcha.[128][129][130]
Kaju †
dan Tupí acaîu, orqali Portugal kaju.[131]
Kapibara †
dan Guaraní kapibari orqali "o't yeyuvchi" Portugal capivara orqali Frantsuzcha.
Katupiriya †
dan Guaraní katupyry orqali Braziliyalik portugal.[132]
Kayenne †
dan Tupí kyinha orqali Frantsuzcha.[133]
Puma †
oxir-oqibat buzilgan Guaraní guaçu ara.[134]
Yaguar †
dan Tupinamba orqali Portugal yaguar orqali Frantsuzcha / jaˈwar- /,.[135][136]
Jaguarundi †
dan Guaraní orqali Portugal.
Maraka †
dan Tupí maraka orqali Portugal.
Makaw †
orqali Portugal Makao dan Tupi makavuana, bu qushlarning mevalari qushlar iste'mol qiladigan palma daraxtining turi bo'lishi mumkin.[137]
Maniok †
dan Tupinamba orqali Portugal odam (d) ioca orqali Frantsuzcha / maniˈʔok- /.[135]
Petunya †
dan Tupí petun orqali "tutun" Portugal.
Piranha †
dan Tupí orqali Portugal.[138]
Seriema †
dan Tupinamba siriema orqali "tepalikka" Portugal
Tapioka †
dan Tupinamba orqali Portugal / tɨpɨˈʔok-a /,[135] "sharbat siqib chiqarildi".[139]
Tapir †
dan Tupinamba orqali Portugal tapir orqali Frantsuzcha / tapiˈʔir- /.[135]
Tegu †
dan Tupinamba teiu-guaçu orqali "katta kaltakesak" Portugal teiú
Toukan †
dan Tupinamba orqali Portugal tucano orqali Frantsuzcha / tuˈkan- /,[135] orqali Portugal va Frantsuzcha.[140]

Amerikaning boshqa mahalliy tillaridan olingan so'zlar

Abalone †
dan Rumsen awlun va Ohlone aluan, orqali Ispaniya abulon.[141]
Alpaka †
dan Aymara allpaka, orqali Ispaniya.[142]
Appaloosa †
Yoki uchun nomlangan Paluz daryosi, uning nomi kelgan Sahaptin palu: s, "suvda turgan narsa"; yoki uchun Opelousas, Luiziana kelib chiqishi mumkin Chokta api losa, "qora tan".[143]
Bayou †
boshidan Chokta bayuk, "daryo, daryo", orqali Frantsuzcha.[144]
Kamalar †
dan Nez Perce qémʼes.[145]
Kannibal †
orqali Ispaniya Kanibalis, a Karib tili, "odam, hind" degan ma'noni anglatadi,[146] (Proto-Cariban) * karipona),[147] ispanlar kariblar odam go'shtini yeydi degan e'tiqodiga asoslanib.[148]
Katalpa †
dan Krik katala "bosh qanot", bilan (i) ká, "bosh" + (i) talpa, "qanot".[149]
Cenote †
dan Yucatec Maya dzonot yoki ts'onot[150] "yaxshi" ma'nosini anglatadi[151]
Cheechako †
Chinook Jargondan pishloq + chako, "yangi kelgan". Chee dan keladi Quyi Chinook čxi, "to'g'ridan-to'g'ri" va uchun chako c.f. Nuuchahnulth kokvaa, "kel!"[152]
Chicha
Ispaniya orqali Kuna chichab, "makkajo'xori "yoki Nahuatldan chichiatl, "fermentlangan suv."
Chinuk †
dan Quyi Chehalis tsʼinúk, qishloq nomi,[153][154] orqali Chinook Savdo Jargon.
Chakvalla †
dan Kaxuilla čáxwal.[155]
Coho †
dan Halkomelem k̉ʷə́xʷaθ ([kʷʼəxʷəθ]).[38][156][157]
Konti †
dan Krik conti hetaka.
Koypu †
dan Mapudungun .
Degu †
dan Mapudungun deuñ, Ispaniya orqali.
Divi-divi †
dan Kumanagoto.
Dori †
dan Miskito dori, duri.
Eulachon †
dan Kri moslashish Chinook Savdo Jargon ulkan,[158] o'zi qarz olish Klatsap u-tlalxwə (n), "ariq alabalığı".[159]
Geoduck †
dan Lushootseed (Nisqually) gʷídéq.[160][161]
Guan †
dan Kuna.
Baland muckamuck †
dan Chinuk Jargon [Ʌmʌ mukammalʌk], "eb, ovqat, ichimlik", kelib chiqishi noma'lum.[162]
Xogan †
dan Navaxo hooghan.[163]
Hooch †
Tlingit qishlog'ining nomi "Hoochinoo" ning qisqarishi Tlingit xutsnuuwú, "jigarrang ayiq qal'asi".[164][165]
Kachina †
dan Hopi katsina, "ruhiy mavjudot".[166]
Kiva †
dan Hopi kíva (o'z ichiga olgan ki-, "uy").[167]
Kokani †
balki dan Twana kəknǽxw.[168]
Manatee †
orqali Ispaniya manatí, a-dagi so'zdan Karib tili "(ayolning) ko'krak" ma'nosini anglatadi.[169][170][171]
Ohunka
dan Lakota "yolg'on", "yolg'on".[172]
Piki †
dan Hopi.
Pogonip †
dan Shoshone / pakɨnappɨ / ([paˈɣɨnappɨ̥]), "tuman".[173]
Poncho †
Ispaniya orqali Mapudungun pontho,[174] "jun mato".[175]
Kartoshka
Ispaniya orqali patata Gaiti Karibidan batata= "shirin kartoshka"[176]
Potlatch †
dan Nuuchahnulth (Nootka) p̉aƛp̉ač ([pʼatɬpʼat͡ʃ], takrorlash ning p̉a, "potlatchda tantanali sovg'alar qilish", bilan takroriy qo'shimchasi -č) orqali Chinuk Jargon.[177]
Salal †
dan Chinook Savdo Jargon [sˈˈlæl], dan Quyi Chinook salal.[178]
Sagaguaro †
orqali Ispaniya, ehtimol ba'zi mahalliy tillardan Opata.[179]
Sasquatch †
Kimdan Halkomelem [Æsæsqʼt].[180]
Sego †
dan Ute-South Paiute / siˈkuʔa / ([siˈɣuʔa]).[181]
sekoiya †
dan Cherokee shaxsiy ism , boshqa etimologiyasi yo'q.[182]
Sockeye †
dan Halkomelem / Θsθəqəʔj /.[183]
Skookum †
dan Chinuk Jargon [ˈSkukəm], "kuchli, g'ayritabiiy xavfli", dan Quyi Chehalis skʷekʷám, "shayton, har qanday yovuzlik, ruhiy hayvon".[184][185]
Tamarin †
dan Karib tili, orqali Frantsuzcha.[186]
Turi †
dan Lakota thípi, "uy".[65]
Tupelo †
Ehtimol, dan Krik 'Topilva, "botqoq daraxti", dan íto, "daraxt" + opílwa, "botqoq".[187]
Vapatu †
dan Chinuk Jargon [Apwapato], "o'q ildizi, yovvoyi kartoshka", dan Yuqori Chinuk [wa] -, ot old qo'shimchasi + [pato], kelgan Kalapuyan [pdóʔ], "yovvoyi kartoshka".[188]
Vakinyan †
dan Lakota wa, "people / things" + kiŋyaŋ, "uchmoq".[189]
Yaupon †
dan Katavba yąpą, dan yą, "o'tin / daraxt" + pą, "barg".[190]

Shuningdek qarang

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Bibliografiya

  • Yorqin, Uilyam (2004). Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlarining mahalliy amerikalik joy nomlari. Norman: Oklaxoma universiteti matbuoti
  • Kempbell, Layl (1997). Amerikalik hind tillari: tub Amerika tarixiy lingvistikasi. Oksford: Oksford universiteti matbuoti
  • Flexner, Stuart Berg va Leonore Crary Hauck, nashrlar. (1987). Ingliz tilining tasodifiy uy lug'ati [RHD], 2-nashr. (tasdiqlanmagan). Nyu-York: tasodifiy uy.
  • Siebert, Frank T. (1975). "Virjiniya Algonquianni o'liklardan tiriltirish: Powhatanning qayta tiklangan va tarixiy fonologiyasi". Yilda Janubi-sharqiy hind tillarida olib borilgan tadqiqotlar, tahrir. Jeyms M. Krouford, 285-453 betlar. Afina: Jorjiya universiteti matbuoti

Tashqi havolalar

Ushbu ro'yxat to'liqsiz; yordam berishingiz mumkin etishmayotgan narsalarni qo'shish bilan ishonchli manbalar.