Mariano Puigdollers Oliver - Mariano Puigdollers Oliver

Mariano Puigdollers Oliver
Mariano Puigdollers.jpg
Tug'ilgan
Mariano Puigdollers Oliver

1896
Madrid, Ispaniya
O'ldi1984
Madrid, Ispaniya
MillatiIspaniya
Kasbakademik, davlat xizmatchisi
Ma'lumakademik, davlat xizmatchisi
Siyosiy partiyaKarlizm, Frankoizm

Mariano Puigdollers Oliver (1896-1984) ispaniyalik akademik, siyosatchi va davlat xizmatchisi edi. 1920 va 1966 yillarda u turli xil ishlarni olib bordi huquqshunoslik asosan Ispaniyaning ko'plab universitetlarida kafedralar "Valensiya" (1924-1936) va Madrid (1940-1966); u ispan tilining asosiy vakillari orasida tanilgan Tabiiy huquq 1940 va 50-yillarning. Dastlab konservativ monarxist, 1930-yillarning o'rtalarida u qo'shildi Karlizm va qisqacha uning mintaqaviy vazifasini bajargan Valensiya jefe. 1930-yillarning oxiridan boshlab u o'zini Franko tartib. Erta va o'rtalaridaFrankoizm u Dirección General de Asuntos Ecclesiásticos bo'limidagi muhim lavozimlarda ishlagan Adliya vazirligi, Consejo Superior de Protección de Menores-da va Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. 1943-1965 yillarda u Frankoist Kortes. U postni amalga oshiradigan asosiy mansabdorlardan biri hisoblanadiFuqarolar urushi akademiklar orasida tozalash.

Oila va yoshlar

katta bobo

Mariano qariyaning avlodi edi Kataloniya oila; Puigdollerlar asl nasldan naslga o'tdilar va asrlar davomida juda ko'p tarvaqaylab ketishdi.[1] Uning ba'zi uzoq ajdodlari va qarindoshlari o'zlarini mahalliy darajada yozuvchi, huquqshunos yoki astronom sifatida ajratishgan.[2] Uning ota bobosi Mariano Puigdollers, vatani Vich, hunarmand va mahalliy mayda burjuaziyaning a'zosi bo'lgan. U mahalliy qiz Mariya Vinaderga uylandi; u qizi edi Ramon Vinader, a konservativ Kortes kech paytida deputat Izabellin davr va adliya vaziri Estella davomida Carlist hukumati Uchinchi Carlist urushi.[3] Ularning o'g'li va Marianoning otasi, Mariano Puigdollers Vinader (1928 yilda vafot etgan),[4] Kataloniyadan to ga ko'chib o'tdi Madrid, u dastlab zargarlik studiyasida ishlagan va olmosga ixtisoslashgan;[5] uning egasi bo'lganligi aniq emas.[6] Belgilanmagan vaqtda u kelib chiqishi Remedios Oliver Cenicerosga uylandi La Mancha lekin qisman katalonning o'zi; uning oilasi haqida yaqinroq narsa ma'lum emas.[7] 1903 yilda Mariano Puigdollers Vinader va uning ukasi Luciano ishlamaydigan suv tegirmonini sotib olishdi La Moneda yilda Segoviya; ular uni 1907 yilda qayta ishga tushirdilar va keyinchalik ishladilar.[8] Erining o'limidan keyin Remedios Oliver biznesni sotdi.[9]

Er-xotinning ko'p bolalari bor edi; Mariano to'ng'ich o'g'il edi.[10] Ular Madrid tumanida yashagan Buenavista,[11] Puigdollers Vinaderning katolik g'ayrati va ko'plab diniy aloqalari bilan ajralib turadigan juda xudojo'y muhitda ko'tarilgan.[12] Puigdollers Oliver dastlabki ta'limni qaerda olganligi aniq emas.[13] Keyin u madridliklar safiga qo'shildi Instituto General y Tenico de San Isidro va olingan bakalavriat 1911 yilda a'lo baholarga ega.[14] Belgilanmagan vaqtda, ehtimol 1910-yillarning boshlarida Puigdollers Facultad de Derecho y Ciencias Sociales-da o'qigan Madriddagi Universidad Markaziy; u 1916 yilda bitirgan.[15] Dastlab u Cuerpo de Letrados del Consejo de Estado, hukumat konsultativ organida ishlaydigan elit yuristlar guruhiga qo'shilishni niyat qilgan; ammo, ishga qabul qilish to'xtatilganligi sababli, u qonun bo'yicha doktorlik tadqiqotlarini tanladi.[16] 1919 yilda u unga tegishli Doktorlik dissertatsiyalari[17] nasroniy nemis haqidagi tezis tufayli huquq falsafasi.[18] Xuddi shu yili Puigdollers o'z lavozimiga murojaat qildi Mursiyadagi Universidad, lekin oxir-oqibat u Galitsiyaga o'tdi va 33 ta qarshi nomzodni mag'lub etdi[19] 1920 yilda u yuridik fakultetida Elementos de Derecho Natural kafedrasini egalladi Santyago Universidad.[20]

Santyago universiteti

1922 yilda[21] Puigdollers Mariya Izabel del Rio y Peres-Kaballeroga uylangan (1982 yilda vafot etgan);[22] u Xose del Río y Paternina qizi edi, muhandis va Negociado de Montes bo'limi boshlig'i[23] In Dirección General de Agricultureura, Industria y Comercio, o'zi bo'lim Ministerio de Fomento.[24] Er-xotinning bolalari yo'q edi; tarqalishigacha Fuqarolar urushi ular asosan yashagan "Valensiya", keyin Madridda.[25] Uzoqroq Puigdollersning qarindoshlari orasida butun mamlakat bo'ylab taniqli bo'lgan uning otasi amakivachchasi edi, Xosep Dencas Puigdollers,[26] an Estat Català davomida siyosatchi, Kortes deputati Respublika kunlari va 1932-1934 yillarda Kataloniyaning o'zini o'zi boshqarish organi a'zosi. Marianoning ukasi Luchiano ham an ACNdP tomonidan o'ldirilgan Respublika qochmoqchi bo'lgan militsionerlar Andorra 1938 yilda.[27]

Ilmiy martaba

Valensiya universiteti

1920 yilda Santyagodagi Elementos de Derecho Naturalni o'z zimmasiga olganida Puigdoller yordamchi lavozimni egallagan va keyinchalik uning so'zlariga ko'ra, qattiq katolik sifatida u doimo akademiklar tomonidan ta'qib qilingan. Institutión Libre de Enseñanza.[28] 1922 yilda u 488-o'rinda ro'yxatga olingan akademiklarning milliy reytingi; o'sha yili u xuddi shu stulni egallagan Sevilya. 1924 yilda u ko'chib o'tdi "Valensiya", hali ham Elementos de Derecho Natural-ga rahbarlik qilmoqda.[29] Dastlab u eng yosh katrotikoslar qatoriga kirgan,[30] doimiy ish bilan doimiy izlashda.[31] Vaqt o'tishi bilan uning mavqei o'sdi; o'rta ta'limni nazorat qilishdan tashqari[32] 1920-yillarning oxirida u ichki topshiriq protseduralarida ham qatnashgan.[33] Shuningdek, u intizomiy ishlarni tekshiradigan ichki organlarga tayinlangan. 1929 yildagi antipatriotik va diniy bo'lmagan targ'ibotda ayblangan o'rta maktab professori bilan bog'liq tergov alohida e'tiborga sazovor bo'ldi.[34] Puigdollers jyuz instruktoriga nomzod qilib ko'rsatildi; u sudlanuvchini aybdor deb topdi[35] va eng jiddiy choralarni tavsiya qildi, bu haqiqatan ham savol beruvchini ishdan bo'shatishga olib keldi.[36]

Ba'zi tarixchilarning fikriga ko'ra, 30-yillarning boshlarida Puigdollerlar Valensiyada "profesores más brillantes" qonunlari qatoriga kira boshladilar;[37] boshqa tomondan, u nisbatan kam asar nashr qilgan va ko'plab Valensiyalik akademik tengdoshlarining orqasida yurgan.[38] 1931 yilda u milliy akademik reytingda 331-o'rinda qayd etilgan.[39] O'zining so'zlariga ko'ra, yangi respublika hukumati uni mafkuraviy tozalash uchun nishonga olgan. Ma'lumotlarga ko'ra, Puigdollers qora ro'yxatga kiritilgan Fernando de los Rios, oliy ta'lim vaziri va liberal jangari ekspert; bu edi 1933 yildagi o'ng qanot saylovlarida g'alaba bu Puigdollersning ishdan bo'shatilishiga to'sqinlik qildi.[40] U Valensiyadagi postida davom etdi[41] fuqarolar urushi boshlangunga qadar;[42] 1935 yilda u akademik reytingda 263-o'rinda qayd etilgan.[43]

Complutense universiteti, Madrid

1936-1939 yillar Puigdollersning akademik karerasida pauza bo'ldi; bir vaqtning o'zida u Valensiya universiteti tomonidan ishdan bo'shatilgan,[44] lekin bir marta qayta tiklandi Millatchilar shaharni egallab oldi va rasmiy ravishda 1940 yilgacha u erda ishladi.[45] Biroq, 1939 yildan beri u allaqachon Madrid Universidad bilan bog'liq edi, masalan. nomzodlik dissertatsiyasini baholab hakamlar hay'atida o'tirganda Xosemariya Eskriva.[46] Uning 1940 yildagi Madriddagi huquq falsafasi kafedrasiga taklifi muvaffaqiyatsiz tugadi,[47] ammo o'sha yili boshqa ishga qabul qilish paytida u muvaffaqiyatli bo'ldi;[48] uning filosofiya de derecho kafedrasida qilgan afsuni 25 yil davom etadi. 1947-1951 yillarda u yuridik va xatlar fakultetlarida intizomni ta'minlaydigan ichki qo'mitani boshqargan; u talablarga javob bermaydigan xodimlarga qaratilgan tozalashlarni boshqargan Frankoist rejimi.[49] U rasmiy akademik reytingga ko'tarilishni davom ettirdi va 1954 yilda uning sektsiyasiga kirdi; 1958 yilda u 19-o'rinni egalladi.[50] 1950-yillarning oxiri va 60-yillarning boshlarida u poytaxtning taniqli akademiklaridan biri bo'lib, universitetda akademik kurslarning ochilishida kamdan-kam ma'ruzalar o'qimagan.[51] 1960-yillarning o'rtalarida va 46 yillik o'qituvchilik bilan u eng ko'p ishlagan huquqshunos professorlar qatoriga kirdi,[52] nal 1 darajasida eskalafonda;[53] u 1966 yilda nafaqaga chiqqan.[54]

Fikr va ish

Akvinalar

Doktorlik tadqiqotlari davomida Puigdollerlar huquq falsafasiga, umrining oxirigacha olib borgan intizomiga e'tibor qaratdilar; uning tanlovida u asosan Fernando Peres Buenodan ilhomlangan.[55] Dastlab Puigdollers ayniqsa a Thomist Viktor Katrin, kimga doktorlik dissertatsiyasini bag'ishlagan[56] va uning fikri Puigdollerning qonun, axloq va jamiyat haqidagi o'z qarashlariga hissa qo'shgan.[57] 1920-yillarda u merosiga murojaat qildi Luis Vives, "eng toza" ispan va katolik pravoslavlari nuqtai nazaridan taqdim etilgan.[58] Asarlari Antonio Rosmini va Luidji Taparelli Puigdollersni xristianlarning ijtimoiy fikriga yo'naltirdi,[59] uning tabiiy huquqi kontseptsiyasi zamonaviyning ta'siri tufayli ishlab chiqilgan iusnaturalistlar keksa avlod vakillari, Mendizabal Martin,[60] Rodriges de Cepeda va Gonsales Kastejon Elio.[61]

Puigdollers "filosofía jurídica neotimista" vakili hisoblanadi,[62] qat'iy neo-Thomist[63] va hatto "eng yaxshi ispan mutaxassisi Avliyo Tomas ”.[64] Kengroq nuqtai nazardan u odatda quyidagicha tasniflanadi neo-sxolastik Tabiiy huquq mutafakkiri; Ba'zilar uni "iusnaturalismo neoscolástico" va "iusnaturalismo neokantiano", "iusnaturalismo de los valores" va "iusnaturalismo renovador" misollari,[65] boshqalar uni "filosofía tomista y neotomista" va "filosofía neokantina" va "filosofía de los valores" orasida sanashni afzal ko'rishadi.[66] Keyinchalik aniq tipologiyalarda Puigdoller katolik / maktab maktabining a'zosi va boshqalar. Falangist /ortegiya maktab,[67] 1940-yillardagi Ispaniya huquq falsafasida hukmronlik uchun raqobatdosh bo'lganlar.[68] Umumiy hisoblar uni "pensamiento reactcionario y conservador" ning asosiy olimlari qatoriga qo'shadi.[69] yoki "una corriente precisamente tradicional,… habitualmente conservadora y hasta reactcionaria en lo político" doirasidagi mutafakkirlar.[70] Ba'zi tarixchilar uni ma'qullagan deb da'vo qiladilar Fashist Muqaddas Tomas bilan bog'liq deb o'ylardim,[71] boshqalar uning 20-asr nazariyalariga qarshi nasroniy falsafasini himoya qilganini ta'kidlaydilar.[72] Uning tushunchasi inson huquqlari olinganligi xabar qilingan Xristian ilohiyoti[73] va merosiga qarshi Frantsiya inqilobi.[74]

Luis Vives

Barcha olimlarning fikriga ko'ra, Puigdollerlar frantsuzizmning erta va o'rta davridagi Ispaniya huquq falsafasida iusnaturalismoning ustunligiga hissa qo'shgan;[75] ba'zilari 1940 va 50-yillarda Agustin de Asis Garrote-ga ilhom bergan "escuela de Mariano Puigdollers" ga murojaat qiladi. An'anaviy mutafakkirlarga yoqadi Frantsisko Elías de Tejada va Frantsisko Puy Münoz.[76] Biroq, Puigdollersning o'z fikri Traditsionizmning bir qismi hisoblanmaydi; agar "an'anaviy" deb nomlansa, bu uning nazariy qarashlari uchun emas, balki siyosiy faoliyati tufayli.[77] Uning asosiy ishi chuqur o'rganishdir La filosofía española de Luis Vives (1940); boshqa yirik asarlar - huquq falsafasi darsliklar Elementos de Derecho Natural dasturiga oid dastur (1920) va Lecciones de Filosofía del Derecho (1947)[78] va uning nomzodlik dissertatsiyasi, La filosofía del Derecho de Viktor Catherein (1920). Nazariy o'rganish, La justicia. Estudio filosófico-jurídico, tahrir qilinmasdan qoldi.[79] Puigdollersning boshqa asarlari uning ilgari ma'ruzalari bilan risolalar,[80] ixtisoslashgan davriy nashrlardagi maqolalar[81] yoki yuridik asarlarning prologlari.[82]

Konservativ monarxist

Acción Católica logotip

Puigdollersning katta bobosi Carlist vaziri bo'lgan va uning otasi ham Carlist kabi bo'lgan, ammo keyinchalik u ajralib chiqishga rioya qilgan bo'lishi mumkin. Integrist filiali;[83] ammo, Puigdollersning yoshligida Carlist bilan shug'ullanganligi to'g'risida hech qanday dalil yo'q. Unga aloqador deb ta'kidlangan katolik tashkilotlar; birinchisi, u Los-Luis, u erda ma'ruzalar o'qidi[84] va u erda 1918 yilda Madrid filialining Junta Directiva-sida o'sgan.[85] Xuddi shu yili u ACNdP-ga o'qishga kirdi[86] va 1919 yilda Los orasida faol bo'lgan Terciarios Franciscanos.[87] O'n yillikning boshida va ko'plab ACNdP jangarilari singari u ijtimoiy masalalarga murojaat qildi[88] va xuddi shunday fikrlaydigan xristian faollarining yangi paydo bo'lgan guruhiga jalb qilindi. Uning paytida Galisiya afsun Puigdollers Acción Social Popular deb nomlangan tegishli sindikatlarning paydo bo'lishini qo'llab-quvvatladi;[89] uning paytida Andalusiya 1920-yillarning boshlarida u yangi tashkil etilganlarga qo'shildi Partido ijtimoiy mashhur va uning Seviliyadagi tashkiloti a'zosi bo'lgan; u shuningdek, Sección de Estudios Político-Sociales-ga rahbarlik qildi[90] va katolik sindikalizmini jonlantirishga harakat qildi.[91]

Paydo bo'lganidan keyin Primo de Riveraniki diktatura PSP o'zini tarqatib yubordi va rejimni institutsionalizatsiyasiga osonlikcha yordam berdi.[92] Shuningdek, Puigdollers diktaturani shaxsan "ispan vijdonining uyg'onishi va millatning birgalikdagi kommunitar harakatlari" sifatida qabul qildi.[93] Uning Primoning tuzilmalariga a'zoligini tasdiqlovchi ma'lumot yo'q Unión Patriótica yoki Somaten Ammo, uning universitetdagi lavozimida u "primoriverrista diktaturasining patriarxal jamiyati" ni g'ayrat bilan targ'ib qilgani aniq.[94] va allaqachon o'ng qanot hukmronlik qilgan Universitetning eng konservativ professorlaridan biri sifatida qayd etildi.[95] 1928 yilda Puigdollerlar o'ziga xos narsalar bilan shug'ullanishdi hakamlik mehnat tuzilmalari rejimning a'zosi va mahalliy Paritario Komite a'zosi etib tayinlangan;[96] o'sha yili u shahar ayuntamiento nomzodiga nomzod qilib ko'rsatildi.[97] Valensiya ACNdP filialining kotibiga o'sish,[98] u bukletlarni nashr etishda davom etdi[99] va Centro Escolar y Mercantil kabi katolik tashkilotlarida ma'ruzalar o'qish,[100] Asociación de Amigos de Luis Vives[101] yoki Acción Católica.[102]

ko'cha namoyishi "Valensiya", 30-yillarning boshlari

Primo Puigdollersning qulashidan so'ng, paydo bo'lgan Valensiya filiali bilan shug'ullangan Unión Monárquica Nacional, keng Alfonsist Ispaniya respublikasi paydo bo'lishidan ko'p o'tmay tarqalib ketgan konservativ partiya.[103] U yangi tuzumni milliy falokat deb bilgan bo'lsa ham,[104] Puigdollerlar qo'ziqorinli yangi siyosiy partiyalarning birortasiga qo'shilmadilar. Buning o'rniga, 1930-yillarning boshlarida u ko'rib chiqish bilan bog'liq monarxistlar doirasiga yaqinlashdi Acción Española va uning sahifalaridan respublikaga qarshi snayplangan;[105] uning so'nggi hissasi 1935 yildan beri aniqlangan.[106] U konservativ katolik mutaxassisi sifatida ma'ruzalar bilan davom etdi, masalan. Legión Católica Española-da[107] Acción Católica[108] yoki Asociación Universitaria Católica de Derecho.[109] Uning jamoat faoliyatining yana bir yo'nalishi katoliklarning xususiy ta'lim muassasalarida dars berish edi; Centro Escolar y Mercantil dan tashqari[110] ular tarkibiga Valensiya Escuela de Formacion,[111] AC Valensiya filiali tomonidan tashkil etilgan,[112] va Valensiyaning Social Obrero Instituto-da; 1934 yildan beri uning direktori bo'lgan.[113] Valensiya universitetining doimiy ravishda "eng konservativ" sektori a'zosi sifatida qaraladi[114] deb nomlangan davrda bienio negro u buzg'unchilik deb hisoblangan universitet nominatsiyalariga qarshi chiqdi.[115]

Carlist

Carlist mitingi, 30-yillarning boshlari

Uning oilasiga qaramasdan Karlist avvalgilaridan Puigdollerlar 1936 yilgacha biron bir qonuniy kelishuv bilan mashhur emas edi. U qachon aniq va nega murojaat qilgani aniq emas Comunión Tradicionalista Garchi ba'zi bir matbuot yozuvlari uning bu maqsadga sodiqligi hech bo'lmaganda 1930-yillarning o'rtalaridan beri davom etganligini taxmin qilmoqda.[116] Davomida 1936 yil Kortesga saylov kampaniyasi u Valensiya provintsiyasida keng o'ng qanot ittifoqi tarkibidagi Traditionist nomzod sifatida qatnashdi.[117] Yig'ilgan 125000 ovoz g'alabani ta'minlash uchun etarli emas edi,[118] ammo Puigdollers uning siyosiy taklifini davom ettirdi. 1936 yil mart oyida Carlist rahbari Manuel Fal Kond uni viloyat partiyasidan nomzod qilib ko'rsatdi jefe,[119] Valensiyaning butun mamlakat bo'ylab Carlist tarmog'ida nisbatan muhim rolini hisobga olgan holda juda muhim pozitsiya. Ko'rilgan manbalarning birortasida nominatsiya tafsilotlari keltirilmagan va taniqli, ammo ilgari hech qanday aloqasi bo'lmagan akademikni mintaqa rahbari lavozimiga qanday mexanizm ko'targanligi to'g'risida aniqlik kiritilmagan. Puigdollers faol pozitsiyani egalladi va tez orada Carlist mitinglarida chiqish qilgani qayd etildi.[120]

1936 yilning bahorining oxirida Puigdollerlar Valensiya mintaqasida respublikalarga qarshi fitna uyushtirgan asosiy tinch aholi orasida edi; Comité de Alzamiento ning 3 a'zosidan biri sifatida[121] u harbiylar bilan muzokaralar olib bordi UME ko'tarilishga tayyorgarlikni tashkil qilishda.[122] Davomida uning aniq qaerdaligi Iyul to'ntarishi noma'lum, faqat u Valensiyada qoldi; sodiq g'alabadan so'ng Puigdollers yashirinib qoldi, noaniq holatlarda respublika zonasidan chiqib ketishga muvaffaq bo'ldi[123] va 1936 yil sentyabr oyi boshida u allaqachon Milliyatchilar shtab-kvartirasida edi Burgos. U urush davrida Carlist milliy ijrochi organi Junta Suprema Militar tarkibiga kirgan va Sección de Asuntos Generales tarkibida u yangi tashkil etilgan Delegación General de Enseñanza jefaturasini o'z zimmasiga olgan.[124] Puigdollersning ushbu lavozimdagi faoliyati haqida hech narsa ma'lum emas.[125] Buning o'rniga, 1937 yil boshida u Carlist og'ir vazn toifalarida ro'yxatga olinib, potentsial birlashishni muhokama qildi Falange Española; fevral oyida Portugaliyaning Insua shahrida u qarorga kelmagan,[126] Ammo keyinchalik Falangistlar rahbarlari bilan muzokaralar chog'ida u qandaydir ittifoqqa moyil bo'lib tuyuldi.[127]

Carlist standarti

Puigdollers shartlarini bajargan Karlistlar orasida edi birlashtirish tomonidan belgilanadi Franko Falangistlarda ham, Karlistlarda ham. 1937 yil aprel oyi oxirida u nomzod qilib ko'rsatildi Comisión de Cultura y Enseñanza, Frankoist kvazi hukumatining 6 bo'limidan biri, Junta Tecnica de Estado; komissiya tarkibida u boshlang'ich ta'limning kichik bo'limiga rahbarlik qildi.[128] Tananing ichida, asosan o'qituvchilar tarkibi bilan mashg'ul bo'lgan,[129] Puigdollers qattiqqo'llardan biri edi.[130] Biroq, Puigdollers yangi frankist tuzilmalar tarkibida Carlistning marginallashuvi borasida biroz noqulayliklarni namoyish etishdi. 1937 yil oktyabr oyida u Falangistlar va Karlist yoshlarining birligini namoyish etish uchun Burgosda bo'lib o'tgan rasmiy akademik mitingda qatnashishi kerak bo'lsa ham - u qatnashishi kerak edi. Bundan tashqari, u Carlist ishtirokchilarini qo'zg'atganlikda gumon qilingan va shu sababli yig'ilishda eshitilgan "¡muera Franco, traidor!"[131] Bunga javoban FET kotibi Xoakin Miranda Puigdollersni jarimaga tortdi, partiyaviy a'zoligini to'xtatdi va uni barcha funktsiyalardan, shu jumladan davlat vazifalaridan mahrum qildi; Shuningdek, Puigdollersga 1939 yil oktyabrgacha har qanday rasmiy lavozimni egallash taqiqlandi.[132]

Frankoist: Asuntos Ecclesiásticos

Rodezno

Puigdollers rasmiy lavozimlarni egallashni taqiqlaganiga qaramay, 1938 yil boshida uning hamkasbi Karlist Rodezno, adliya vaziri birinchi frankistlar hukumatida Puigdollersni Dirección General de Asuntos Eclesiasticos rahbari etib tayinladi; bo'lim katolik cherkovi bilan aloqalar uchun mas'ul bo'lgan.[133] 1938 yil mart oyidan boshlab u bilan suhbatlashdi Vatikan Respublika bo'yicha ajralish qoidalarini bekor qilish va ajralganlar tomonidan tuzilgan nikohlar to'g'risida.[134] Uning faoliyatining yana bir yo'nalishi - ilgari respublika zonasi hududida vayron qilingan cherkovlar va ibodatxonalarni tiklash uchun davlat mablag'larini yo'naltirish edi.[135] Primat bilan mos keladi[136] va mahalliy ierarxlar, Puigdollerlar cherkovga katta ma'muriy yordamni, shu jumladan imtiyozlar, soliqlardan ozod qilishni,[137] turli xil tashkilotlarni ro'yxatdan o'tkazish[138] yoki respublikachilar tomonidan o'ldirilgan dindorlarning oilalariga moddiy yordam.[139] Shuningdek, u diniy saflarda depressiyani rag'batlantirdi, ayniqsa ruhoniylarga millatparvarlikni berkitib qo'ydi Bask yoki Kataloniya g'oyalar.[140]

Puigdollersning ierarxiya bilan munosabatlari juda yaxshi edi. Turli katolik tashkilotlarining ijroiya organlari a'zosi,[141] 1938 yilda u ACNdP ning Consejo Nacional-ga o'qishga kirdi[142] va uning kongressida ishtirok etdi Budapesht;[143] 1940 yilda u tomonidan nomzod qilib ko'rsatildi kardinal Goma Consejo Superior de Acción Católica-ga.[144] Ba'zi olimlar uni rasmiy ma'muriyatga kirib kelgan va diniy iliq Falangistlar dizayniga qarshi turishga harakat qilgan cherkov odami sifatida ko'rsatmoqdalar. 1943 yilda Asuntos Ecclesiasticos direktori va Carlistning norasmiy vakili sifatida[145] Puigdollers AQSh elchisi bilan suhbatlashdi Xeys; suhbat davomida u frankistlar tizimini ajratishga harakat qildi Natsizm va katolik profilining asosini ushlab turdi.[146] Tarixshunoslikda uning sa'y-harakatlari muvaffaqiyatli hisoblanadi,[147] u Francoist davlat va iyerarxiya o'rtasidagi ittifoqning asosiy me'morlari ro'yxatiga kiritilmagan bo'lsa-da.[148]

milliy-katolikizm

Puigdollerlar diniy binolarni rekonstruksiya qilish uchun mablag'larni 1950-yillarning boshlariga qadar ishlatib turishgan.[149] O'sha paytda u ham tikan bilan shug'ullangan kelishilgan Vatikan bilan muzokaralar; u qanday pozitsiyani egallaganligi aniq emas.[150] Hujjat imzolangandan so'ng, 1950 yillarning o'rtalarida u uni qo'llash bilan band edi; jamoat ma'ruzalarida u shartnomani Frankoistlar davlati va Muqaddas Taxt o'rtasidagi mukammal tushunishni ifodasi sifatida baholadi.[151] U o'sha paytdagi eng shov-shuvli diniy tadbirlarda, muassasalar va ko'rgazmalar ochishda deyarli yo'qolgan,[152] konferentsiyalar va esdalik tadbirlarida qatnashish[153] yoki ishtirok etish Semana Santa; u odatda adliya vazirining vakili edi.[154] U dafn marosimida Ispaniya tarkibida bo'lgan Pius XII 1958 yilda[155] va bu Yuhanno XXIII 1963 yilda.[156] Biroq, u davlat va cherkov o'rtasidagi munosabatlarni yomonlashtirish borasida qanday pozitsiyani egallaganligi noma'lum, chunki 1960 yillarning boshlarida ikkinchisi rejimdan uzoqlasha boshladi;[157] tomonidan ilgari surilgan diniy erkinlik to'g'risidagi birinchi qonun loyihasi to'g'risida uning fikri haqida hech narsa ma'lum emas Fernando Kastiella va Manuel Fraga 1964 yilda.[158] Uning jamoatchilik oldida qilgan bayonotlari, 1964 yilgi Madriddagi akademik kursni ochgan ma'ruzasi singari, rasmiy siyosat bilan to'liq mos tushgan; Puigdollers "derecho de presentación" deb nomlangan narsani himoya qildi va konkordatni qayta ko'rib chiqishga qarshi chiqdi.[159] U 1965 yilda Asuntos Eclesiasticos bosh direktori lavozimini to'xtatdi,[160] 27 yillik lavozimidan keyin.[161]

Francoist: CSIC-da

CSIC shtab-kvartirasi, Madrid

1938 yilda Puigdollers rasmiy ta'lim tuzilmalariga qayta qabul qilindi; ba'zi olimlarning ta'kidlashicha, u Comisión de Cultura y Enseñanza-da ishlagan,[162] birinchi muntazam frankist hukumati tuzilgandan so'ng tarqatib yuborilgan organ. Boshqalar esa ko'proq e'tibor berishadi Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, yangi tashkil etilgan kengash ilmiy tadqiqotlarni muvofiqlashtirishi va yangi tuzilganlarga bo'ysunishi kerak edi Ta'lim vazirligi; 1940 yildan boshlab u falsafa, dinshunoslik, yuridik va iqtisodiy fanlarga bag'ishlangan CSIC bo'limini boshqargan.[163] Ko'pgina mualliflar, 1939 yilda bir marta rasmiy tozalash jarayonidan muvaffaqiyatli o'tganiga rozi bo'lishadi,[164] Puigdollers universitetlarni nomuvofiq professorlardan tozalash jarayonini muvofiqlashtira boshladi.[165] Bilan birgalikda hosil bo'lgan triumvirat ichida Evgenio Vegas Latapie va Enrike Sonser Ordónez u 1930 yillarning oxiri va 1940 yil boshlarida akademik lavozimlarga kirishni nazorat qilgan;[166] ba'zi olimlar akademik dunyoga etkazgan "terror intellekti" haqida gapirishadi.[167]

Tarixshunoslikda Puigdollersning 1940-yillarning va 50-yillarning CSIC-dagi o'rni to'g'risida biroz boshqacha fikrlar mavjud. Aksariyat ishlarda bu rejimga etarlicha sodiq emas deb hisoblangan akademiklarga qarshi repressiv choralardagi roli va frankoist pravoslavlikni amalga oshirishda muhim ahamiyatga ega. Ba'zi olimlar, Falangistlar ta'siriga qarshi turishda uning pozitsiyasini ta'kidlashni afzal ko'rishadi. Ularning ta'kidlashicha, CSIC «asosiy qopqoq edi Opus Dei's Ispaniyaning akademik tuzilmalarida katolik ta'limotini vujudga keltirish vositasi bo'lgan oliy ma'lumotga hujum ”.[168] Shu nuqtai nazardan, Puigdoller kabi olimlar kabi Migel Sancho Izquierdo, Enrike Luino Pena, Xose Corts Grau, Francisco Elías de Tejada va Xoakin Ruiz-Gimenez Falangist, huquq falsafasida Ortega yo'naltirilgan oqimga qarshi himoya vazifasini o'tagan.[169] Puigdollers ham shaxsiy kelib chiqishi kabi bo'lgan tortishuvlarga aralashgan.[170]

Opus Dei logotip

Ba'zi mualliflarning fikriga ko'ra, uning CSIC Puigdollers-dagi ishtiroki bilan 1960-yillarga qadar huquq falsafasi professor-o'qituvchilariga kirish huquqini boshqargan.[171] Biroq, boshqa tarixchilarning ta'kidlashicha, 1950-yillarning o'rtalarida u ilmiy kengashda asta-sekin o'z mavqeini yo'qotmoqda. Olim yoki an'anaviy uslubchi sifatida u CSIC-da hukmronlik qilgan Opus Dei klikasini ifodalovchi mansabdor shaxslar guruhi bilan tobora ziddiyatga borgan.[172] Xabarlarga ko'ra, ular olishga intilishgan Don Xuan Karlos bo'lajak Ispaniya qiroli deb e'lon qildi va tanani boshqa monarxistlar guruhi tomonidan boshqarishiga yo'l qo'ymaslikka qaror qildi. 1957 yilda ular "buzilmagan an'anaviy an'analar" kitoblarining ko'payishi va Karlistning madaniy siyosatiga qarshi kurashishga qat'iy qaror qilgani sababli, ular Puigdollersning Consejo prezidentligiga kirish huquqini to'sib qo'yishdi.[173] 1950 yillarning oxirida opusdeistalar boshchiligida Laureano Lopes Rodo, shuningdek, Puigdollersning "Insituto de Estudios Jurídicos" prezidenti lavozimiga ko'tarilishining oldini oldi, u erda u Karlistlar tomonidan targ'ib qilindi. Ba'zi olimlarning fikriga ko'ra, uning bu lavozimni egallamasligi an'anaviy, ommaviy axborot vositalari, madaniyat va ilm-fanning tajovuzkorligi uchun zararli edi; ular "perdieron las armas para hacer en estos cinco años una docena de catedráticos, que el carlismo necesita".[174]

Frankoist: penitentsiar tizim xodimi

Adliya vazirligi, Madrid

1938 yil o'rtalarida Puigdollers Adliya vazirligi tomonidan nazorat qilinadigan va balog'atga etmagan jinoyatchilarni qutqarish dasturini boshqarish zimmasiga yuklatilgan Consejo Superior de Protección de Menores organiga tayinlandi. Dastlab uning vitse-prezidentiga nomzod,[175] 1941 yilda u allaqachon tananing prezidenti deb nomlangan.[176] Konsejoga qancha vaqt rahbarlik qilganligi aniq emas, chunki 1950 yillarning boshlarida u yana uning vitse-prezidenti sifatida qayd etilgan.[177] Bundan tashqari, Puigdoller 1941 yildan beri Apelación de Menores Tribunalining prezidenti bo'lib ishlagan[178] va a'zosi sifatida Patronato de Protección a la Mujer,[179] ayollar huquqbuzarligini oldini olishga qaratilgan yana bir Adliya vazirligiga qarashli organ; u asosan fohishabozlik bilan shug'ullangan, garchi u mafkuraga asoslangan repressiv choralar bilan ham shug'ullangan bo'lsa. Va nihoyatda ahamiyatsiz narsa, 1940-yillarning boshlaridan Puigdollers Madriddagi Escuela de Estudios Penitenciarios-da Etica y Derecho Natural direktori va professori bo'lgan.[180] Ma'lumot uchun bo'lgani kabi, Francoist penitentsiar tizimidagi taniqli amaldor sifatida Puigdollers ham Rodezno bilan birgalikda ACNdP a'zosi sifatida qaraladi, Xose Agustin Peres del Pulgar va Maksimo Kuervo Radigales[181] ma'lum bir davlat va cherkov sinergiyasi ustida ishlagan. Dastlabki frankizm davrida ular "qonunchilikda qarindoshi la la organización de prisiones y además escribieron sobre ello" bo'lganlar.[182]

Frankoist kambag'al ayollar va yoshlarga yordam kampaniyasi, Ispaniya, 1940 yillarning o'rtalari

Puigdoller Tribunal de Apelación va ayollar Patronatosida qancha vaqt xizmat qilgani aniq emas; uning ishtiroki to'g'risidagi so'nggi matbuot yozuvlari 1940-yillarning boshlariga to'g'ri keladi. Bu Consejo Superior de Protección de Menoresga tegishli emas; 1948 yilda Puigdollers voyaga etmaganlarni qutqarish tizimidagi 10 yillik faoliyati uchun korporativ hurmat-ehtiromlarni qabul qilib oldi.[183] U 1950-yillarda vitse-prezident bo'lib ishlagan va Junta Nacional contra el Analfabetismo-ga kirgan.[184] Puigdollers voyaga etmaganlar jinoyati ijtimoiy yoki iqtisodiy sharoitlarning mahsuli emas, aksariyat hollarda oilaviy hayotdagi kamchiliklardan kelib chiqqan deb hisoblashgan; shuning uchun uning diqqat markazida ispan jamiyatida an'anaviy qadriyatlarni oshirishga qaratilgan edi.[185] Uning dinamikasi haqidagi qarashlari voyaga etmaganlar uchun jinoyat aniq emas; 1960 yilda o'tkazilgan yopiq majlisda u yoshlar orasida jinoyatchilik, asosan avtomobil o'g'irlanishi, buzg'unchilik va jinsiy aloqada bo'lgan huquqbuzarliklarning ko'payishidan xavotir bildirdi;[186] ammo, 1961 yildagi keng e'lon qilingan bayonotida u printsipial jihatdan Ispaniyada voyaga etmaganlar o'rtasida jinoyatchilik degan narsa yo'qligini e'lon qildi.[187] 1965 yilda muntazam pensiya yoshiga etgach, Puigdollers Escuela de Estudios Penitenciarios-dagi stipendiyasidan voz kechdi,[188] ammo Patronatodagi vazifasi davom etdi. Xuddi shu yili u yana prezident vazifasini bajaruvchi etib tayinlandi[189] va bu rolni 1968 yilgacha bajargan,[190] u faxriy prezidentlikka nomzod bo'lganida. Biroq, u tashkilot ichidagi ta'sirini saqlab qoldi, chunki 1960-70-yillarning boshlarida u hanuzgacha uning ba'zi faoliyati bilan shug'ullanganligi qayd etilgan. 30 yil avvalgi kabi, uning diqqat-e'tibori Cherkov bilan hamkorlik va diniy qayta ta'lim muassasalarining roliga, masalan, boshqarmoqda. Iezuitlar.[191]

Frankoist: prokuror va keyin

Francoist Ispaniyaning CoA

Rasmiy topshiriqlari tufayli Puigdoller frankizmning boshlarida va o'rtalarida jamoat hayotining turli sohalarida sezilarli ta'sir o'tkazgan. Dastlab Comisión de Cultura y Enseñanza va keyin Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicasdagi lavozimlari ta'lim va ilm bilan bog'liq edi; uning Asuntos Eclesiásticos bo'limidagi roli uni davlat va cherkov o'rtasidagi munosabatlarda muhim odamga aylantirdi; Consejo Superior de Protección de Menores va shunga o'xshash boshqa taxtalarda mavjudligi unga penitentsiar va qutqaruv tizimini shakllantirishga imkon berdi. Biroq, Francoist buyrug'ini amalga oshirish va shakllantirishda u asosiy qaror qabul qilish o'rniga ma'mur va targ'ibotchi bo'lgan; u hech qachon katta lavozimlarda ishlamagan va bitta olim uni "ikkinchi qator siyosatchi" deb atagan.[192]

1943 yilda frankist kvazi parlamenti paydo bo'lganidan so'ng, Cortes Españolas, Franko Puigdollersni o'zining shaxsiy nomzodlari hovuziga kiritdi. U har safar yangi palata yig'ilganda Puigdollersni qayta tayinlar edi, u 1943, 1946, 1949, 1952, 1955, 1958, 1961 va 1964 yillarda ketma-ket 8 ta nominatsiyaga aylantirildi. Oxirgi muddat 1967 yilda tugagan, ammo oddiy pensiyaga chiqqanida. yoshi Puigdollers ko'p lavozimlarni bo'shatishga qaror qildi va 1965 yilda Kortes chiptasini ham iste'foga chiqardi;[193] u frantsuz parlamentining eng uzoq vaqt ishlagan a'zolaridan biri bo'lib chiqdi, ketma-ket 32 ​​yil palatada.[194] Biroq, uning mehnatlari haqida kam narsa ma'lum. Ular odatda yuridik tizim bilan bog'liq edi, masalan. 1943 yilda u "yurisdicción contencioso-administrativa" to'g'risidagi qonun loyihasi ustida ishlaganligi qayd etildi,[195] bilan bog'liq qonun loyihalari bo'yicha 1957 yilda jinoyat qonuni,[196] 1958 yilda hukumat tuzatishlari to'g'risida fuqarolik kodeksi[197] va 1963 yilda tashkil etish to'g'risida Orden Publico sudi.[198]

Katolik Izabellaning buyrug'i

Puigdollers Franko bilan cheklangan shaxsiy kirish imkoniyatidan bahramand bo'lgan va bir necha bor rasmiy ravishda diktator tomonidan tan olinganligi haqida xabar berilgan. 1943 yilda,[199] 1963[200] yoki 1966 yil.[201] Uning xizmati davomida olgan turli xil korporativ hurmatlardan tashqari, Puigdollers ko'plab davlat mukofotlariga sazovor bo'lgan. 1942 yilda u qo'mondonni Plakat bilan qabul qildi Orden de Isabel La Católica, 1946 yilda u Gran Kruz de la oldi Orden del Mérito Civíl,[202] 1963 yilda esa Gran Kruz de la sharafiga sazovor bo'ldi Orden de San Raimundo de Peñafort, kichik medallar va unvonlardan tashqari, Barselonadagi Diputación xizmatlari medali. Nafaqaga chiqqanida u turli organlarda yoki yig'ilishlarda faxriy a'zolik yoki prezidentlik lavozimini egallagan, masalan. 1972 yilda u Jornadas Hispánicas de Derecho Natural-ga rahbarlik qildi.[203] Fuqarolar urushidan so'ng u o'zini mustaqil Karlist siyosatidan uzoqlashtirdi va partiya tuzilmalari bilan shug'ullangani kabi tan olinmadi,[204] garchi u yakka tartibda Traditsionistik aloqani rivojlantirgan bo'lsa; 1950-yillarning oxirlarida u Seviliyada joylashgan Carlist nashriyotida yangi tashkil etilgan Ediciones Montejurra-ga qo'shildi va hech bo'lmaganda 1960-yillarga qadar Manuel Senante, Francisco Elías de Tejada, Rafael Gambra Agustin de Asís Garrote[205] uning Consejo Asesor-da bo'lgan.[206] Traditionist pozitsiyalaridan u norozilik bildirdi 1977 yilgi konstitutsiya loyihasi; u 61 akademikdan biri sifatida referendumda loyihani rad etishga chaqirdi.[207] Sanadan keyin uning jamoat faoliyati to'g'risida ma'lumot yo'q.

Shuningdek qarang

Izohlar

  1. ^ Puigdoller kirish, [in:] Rimning geraldika instituti xizmat, mavjud Bu yerga
  2. ^ Gonsales Diaz-Llanos, Antonio Ezequiel, Don Mariano Puigdollers va Oliver, [in:] Anuario de filosofia del derecho 1966, p. 347
  3. ^ Diaz-Llanos, Ezequiel 1966, 347-348 betlar
  4. ^ Las-provinsiyalar 04.12.28, mavjud Bu yerga
  5. ^ Diaz-Llanos, Ezequiel 1966, p. 347
  6. ^ Diaz-Llanos, Ezequiel 1966, 347-348 betlar
  7. ^ uning onasi va buvisi Xuan Oliver (Bergonadan, Geronadan) va Andrea Ceniceros (Cenicero dan, Logronodan); Natividad Araque Hontangas, Puigdollers Oliver, Mariano (1896-1984), [in:] Diccionario de catedráticos españoles de derecho (1847-1943)), UC3M xizmati 04.04.2014, mavjud Bu yerga
  8. ^ Amparo Martin Espinosa, Molinos de la Casa de Moneda de Segovia, [in:] Mario Sanz Elorza, Asunsion Valdes del Fresno, Xose Mariya Izaga Reyner (tahr.), X Congreso Internacional de Molinología, Segoviya 2016, ISBN  9788460877158, p. 476
  9. ^ Araque Hontangas 2014. Ba'zi manbalarda Mariano Puigdollersni "industriales" yoki "gran burguesía industrial" a'zolari deb atashadi, ammo bu bayonotga asos nima ekanligi aniq emas, A. Sez Alba, La ACNP: La otra cosa nostra, Parij 1974, onlayn mavjud Bu yerga. Puigdollersning sanoat yoki tadbirkorlik faoliyati bilan shug'ullanishini boshqa biron bir manba tasdiqlamaydi
  10. ^ ortidan Ramon, qarang Ramon Puigdollers Oliver kirish, [in:] Genet xizmat, mavjud Bu yerga, Luciano, qarang Luciano Puigdollers Oliver kirish, [in:] Asociación Católica de Propagandistas xizmat, mavjud Bu yerga, Mariya, qarang ABC 23.08.84, mavjud Bu yerga, Rosario va Xose, qarang Rosario Puigdollers Oliver va Xose Puigdollers Oliver yozuvlar, [in:] Mening ajdodlarim xizmat, mavjud Bu yerga
  11. ^ Araque Hontangas 2014 yil
  12. ^ solishtiring, masalan. 1914 yil Puigdollers Vinader va uning aka-ukalarining katolik bilan aloqadorligi, El Correo Español 13.08.14, mavjud Bu yerga, yoki La Epoka 11.05.14, mavjud Bu yerga
  13. ^ ehtimol Madridda, Diaz-Llanos, Ezequiel 1966, p. 347
  14. ^ Araque Hontangas 2014 yil
  15. ^ Araque Hontangas 2014 yil
  16. ^ Diaz-Llanos, Ezequiel 1966, p. 347
  17. ^ Araque Hontangas 2014 yil
  18. ^ Diaz-Llanos, Ezequiel 1966, p. 348
  19. ^ Diaz-Llanos, Ezequiel 1966, p. 349
  20. ^ Diaz-Llanos, Ezequiel 1966, p. 349
  21. ^ El Eko de Santiago 02.03.22, mavjud Bu yerga
  22. ^ ABC 05.01.82, mavjud Bu yerga
  23. ^ La Lectura Dominical 24.01.14, mavjud Bu yerga
  24. ^ Ispaniya Guia 1910, p. 686, mavjud Bu yerga
  25. ^ bironta bola va nevarasi Puigdollersning rafiqasi yoki uning o'limi to'g'risida xabarnomada qayd etilmagan, taqqoslang ABC 01.05.82, mavjud Bu yerga va ABC 23.08.84, mavjud Bu yerga
  26. ^ Xosep Dencas Puigdollers Vichdan Francesca Puigdollers i Vinadéning o'g'li, Mariano Puigdollers Vinaderning singlisi Francesca Puigdollers Vinaderning katalizatsiyalangan ismi, Josep Dencas i Puigdollers, [in:] Memoria Esquerra xizmat, mavjud Bu yerga
  27. ^ Luciano Puigdollers Oliver kirish, [in:] Asociación Católica de Propagandistas xizmat, mavjud Bu yerga
  28. ^ go'yoki "Institución Libre" tomonidan boshqariladigan "Junta para la Ampliación de Estudios" tomonidan nashr etilgan universitetlar aktsiyalari bilan bog'liq faollar, Díaz-Llanos, Ezequiel 1966, p. 349
  29. ^ Araque Hontanas 2014 yil
  30. ^ ammo, u juda yosh emas edi va Puigdollers, Yolanda Blasco Gil, Entre la trayectoria universitaria va social: Los Catedráticos de derecho de Valencia, 1900-1939, [in:] Armando Pavon Romero (tahr.), Promoción universitaria en el mundo hispánico, siglos XVI al XX, Meksika 2012, p. 196
  31. ^ Blasco Gil 2012, p. 197
  32. ^ and 1929 Puigdollers featured in Tribunal de Examen Final del Bachillerato Universitario, entrusted with verification of bachillerato titles awarded by Instituto de Segunda Ensañanza of Valencia, Las-provinsiyalar 02.06.29, available Bu yerga
  33. ^ Pascual Marzal Rodríguez, Una historia sin justicia: Cátedra, política y magistratura en la vida de Mariano Gómez, Valencia 2011, ISBN  9788437086736, p. 59
  34. ^ the female professor of Normal Femenina de Valencia, Carmen García de Castro, was charged with dissemination of antipatriotic and antireligious ideas. In 1929 the rector of Valencian University appointed Puigdollers juez instructor in her case; she was denounced by a father of her student as “haberse pronunciado, dentro del ejercicio de la docencia, de manera antipatriótica, antirreligiosa, antifamiliar y antimonárquica”. The charge was chiefly about a list of mandatory books to be read by students, which included Gargantua and Pantagrual; Carmen Agulló Díaz, Expediente instruido por la Universidad de Valencia en 1929 a la profesora Da. Carmen García de Castro, debido a la acusación de “difundir entre sus alumnas doctrinas perniciosas”, [in:] Historia de la educación 20 (2001), p. 469
  35. ^ Puigdollers ended his investigation with conclusion that the student’s right to “modesty and virtue” is above the teachers right to liberty of instruction; Puigdollers argued in favor of “subordinar el derecho a la libertad de Cátedra al de libertad de conciencia del alumnado cuando ambos derechos entren en colisión”, the student right to “pudor y virtud”, and the parents to educade his daughter the way he liked, Agulló Díaz 2001, p. 470
  36. ^ Puigdollers recommended maximum penalty allowed, dismissal; it was applied indeed until in 1930 Berenguer’s amnesty allowed the professor back to work. She was again dismissed – this time permanently – by the Francoist regime in the 1940s; it is not clear whether Puigdollers was involved in this second dismissal, Agulló Díaz 2001, p. 471
  37. ^ Blasco Gil 2012, p. 197
  38. ^ in the 1920s-30s Puigdollers was not a very prestigious or distinguished scholar; on a university chart of scholars in law he was listed with 15+ publications, while there were 3 cases of 50+, publications, 2 cases of 40+ publications, 1 case of 30+ publications and 2 cases of 20+ publications, Blasco Gil 2012, pp. 222-223
  39. ^ Araque Hontangas 2014
  40. ^ Díaz-Llanos, Ezequiel 1966, p. 351
  41. ^ according to one source Puigdollers recorded also a brief teaching episode in Granada, apparently in the 1920s or 1930s, Blasco Gil 2012, p. 202
  42. ^ in 1932 Puigdollers was behind the presidential table during the opening of academic course in Valencia, Las-provinsiyalar 02.10.32, available Bu yerga
  43. ^ Blasco Gil 2012, p. 200
  44. ^ Blasco Gil 2012, p. 215
  45. ^ Blasco Gil 2012, p. 193
  46. ^ Robert Hutchison, Their Kingdom Come, London 2012, ISBN  9781448109883, p. 127, Pedro Rodríguez, El doctorado de san Josemaría en la Universidad de Madrid, [in:] Studia va Documenta: rivista dell'Istituto Storico San Josemaría Esscrivá 2 (2008), p. 86
  47. ^ 1940 Puigdollers applied for filosofía del derecho in Madrid but lost to Wenceslao González Oliveros, Blasco Gil 2012, p. 208
  48. ^ Araque Hontangas 2014
  49. ^ Araque Hontangas 2014
  50. ^ Araque Hontangas 2014
  51. ^ in 1959 Puigdollers delivered the opening lecture at start of the academic year in Madrid. ABC 09.05.59, available Bu yerga; also in 1964 he started the course with a politics-related lecture on “derecho de presentación”, ABC 08.10.64, available Bu yerga
  52. ^ Blasco Gil 2012, p. 199
  53. ^ Universidad. Escalafón de catedráticos numerarios 1964, Madrid 1964, p. 16
  54. ^ Araque Hontangas 2014
  55. ^ Díaz-Llanos, Ezequiel 1966, p. 348
  56. ^ Díaz-Llanos, Ezequiel 1966, pp. 348-349
  57. ^ Díaz-Llanos, Ezequiel 1966, p. 348; In his PhD wrote in conclusions: “muy miope fuera el que creyera que no tenia el Derecho un aspect ético, no en convenciones ni en leyes positivas, sino el la misma ley natural conocida por la razón. El Derecho Natural, que si como norma del vivir social siempre tiene un puesto en el corazón de los hombres”, quoted after Díaz-Llanos, Ezequiel 1966, p. 348
  58. ^ Puigdollers described Vives as “uno de los símbolos más puros de la España grande del siglo XVI”, and his work “uno de los más puros veneros de la Hispanidad y de la Catolicidad”, Díaz-Llanos, Ezequiel 1966, pp. 350-351
  59. ^ Díaz-Llanos, Ezequiel 1966, p. 352
  60. ^ Calvo Gonzalez 1989, p. 392
  61. ^ Benjamín Rivaya, Historia política de la filosofía del derecho español del siglo XX, [in:] Cuadernos de Filosofía del Derecho 32 (2009), p. 543
  62. ^ Calvo Gonzalez 1989, p. 389
  63. ^ Díaz-Llanos, Ezequiel 1966, p. 352
  64. ^ “mas profundo conocedor español de la labor ciclópea de Santa Tomás” Karl Larenz, La filosofía contemporánea del Derecho y del Estado, Madrid 2008, ISBN  9788429015317, p. 32
  65. ^ Antonio Salamanca Serrano, Iusmaterialismo. Teoría del derecho de los pueblos, [in:] Revista Crítica Jurídica 29 (2010), p. 84
  66. ^ Angeles López Moreno, Enfoques actuales a cerca del contenido temático de la Filosofía del Derecho, [in:] Funciones y fines del derecho: estudios en homenaje al profesor Mariano Hurtado Bautista, Marid 1992, ISBN  9788476843260, p. 23
  67. ^ according to one scholar, in the 1940s “the makeup of Spanish philosophy of law” was roughly about division between “Catholics” and “Falangists”; Puigdollers was among “main characters” the former, the group organized around ACNdP. It was homogeneous and Puigdollers marked one the intransigent end which rejected “materialism, apriorism, formalism, phenomenologicalism, existentialism, vitalism … and all the isms that are not a clear and accurate Christian view of the world and of mankind”, Enrico Pattaro, Corrado Roversi (eds.), A Treatise of Legal Philosophy and General Jurisprudence, Volume 12, s.l. 2016 yil, ISBN  9789400714793, p. 482
  68. ^ Pattaro, Roversi 2016, p. 483
  69. ^ he reportedly formed the group along with Corts, Grau and Luño Peña, though this classification is disputed, Benjamin Rivaya, Filosofía del Derecho, derechos humanos y franquismo, [in:] Anuario de filosofía del derecho 13-14 (1997), p. 937
  70. ^ “una corriente precisamente tradicional, Católica, habitualmente de tendencia tomista o neotomista, habitualmente conservadora y hasta reaccionaria en lo político”; Puigdollers was reportedly member of the group with Eduardo Calleja de la Cuesta, Wenceslao González Oliveros and Miguel Sancho Izquierdo, Benjamin Rivaya, El exilio iusfilosófico español (1936-1977/1981), [in:] Cuadernos de Filosofía del Derecho 40 (2017), p. 176
  71. ^ the logic behing a link from St. Thomas to fascism is the claim that “en la obra inmensa de Santo Tomás se refleja este poderoso sentido de unidad espiritual y de interna coherencia que caracteriza una Edad Media”; reportedly Puigdollers saw fascism as “eurocentrismo medievalista católico” and declared that “the world moves towards a new period of Middle Ages”, Raúl Morodo, Los Orígenes Ideológicos Del Franquismo: Acción Española, Madrid 1985 yil, ISBN  9788420624297, pp. 131-2
  72. ^ Puigdollers intended to “rechazar el materialismo, el apriorismo, el formalismo, el fenomenologismo, el existencialismo, el vitalismo.. y todos los ismos que no sean una clara y exacta visión cristiana del Mundo y del Hombre”, Rivaya 2009, p. 563
  73. ^ Puigdollers constructed a typology of human rights, and the first of them, with precedence over others, was “right to dignity”. He did not acknowledge “right to equality” as he approached equality as “condición de todo derecho innato”, but not the right itself, Ricardo García Manrique, La filosofía de los derechos humanos durante el Franquismo, Madrid 1996 yil, ISBN  9788425910029, p. 128
  74. ^ Puigdollers detached French revolution from the question of human rights as he claimed that it added nothing new to the already existing Christian doctrine on man and its rights; “good things that Revolution contributed were not new and new things were not good”, García Manrique 1996, p. 145
  75. ^ López Moreno 1992, p. 23
  76. ^ López Moreno, p. 500
  77. ^ compare Josep Clara, Epistolari de Josep Cartañà, bisbe de Girona (1934-1963), Montserrat 2000, ISBN  9788484151838, p. 141, or José Andrés Gallego, Historia general de España y America, vol. 19, Madrid 1987, ISBN  9788432123597, p. 10. A present-day Traditionalist pundit, Miguel Ayuso, when asked "oltre ai pensatori carlisti, quale fu il panorama intelettuale politico e gius-filosofico nel fronte catolico a poi nella Spagna di Franco? quali sono stati ... i contributi migliori e, magari, de riscoprire, per esempio nell’ambito del neotomismo politico e gius-filosofico...?" mentions Gambra, Elías de Tejada or Vallet de Goytisolo, but does not refer to Puigdollers a single time, Samuele Cecotti, Miguel Ayuso, “Fu lotta maccabea, non fratricida”, La guerra civile spagnola nell’interpretazione carlista, [in:] Veritatis Diaconia 4 (2016), p. 86
  78. ^ kimdir tomonidan Lecciones is considered his key work, Díaz-Llanos, Ezequiel 1966, p. 352
  79. ^ Araque Hontangas 2014
  80. ^ qarang masalan. La filosofía de la ley, en Balmes (1963), or En torno al regalismo. Existe hoy en España? (1964)
  81. ^ qarang masalan. Recordando a Giorgio del Vecchio, [in:] Anuario de Filosofía del Derecho 15 (1970), pp. 1-10, or Pío XII y la paz, [in:] Revista de la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad de Madrid 2-4 (1958), pp. 297-311
  82. ^ qarang masalan. prologue to Giorgio del Vechchio, Hechos y doctrinas: escritos filosóficos, jurídicos y literarios (1942), or prologue to Joaquín Arce y Florez-Valdes, La adopción de expósitos y abandonados (1968), or prologue to Tomas Roca, Historia de la obra de los tribunales tutelares de menores de España (1968)
  83. ^ in 1886 Puigdollers Vinader adhered to Jovenes Tradicionalistas, a Tradicionalist youth organization founded by Ramón Nocedal, El Siglo Futuro 15.11.86, available Bu yerga
  84. ^ La Epoka 11.05.14, available Bu yerga
  85. ^ El Siglo Futuro 09.12.18, available Bu yerga
  86. ^ Araque Hontangas 2014
  87. ^ El munozarasi 20.01.19, available Bu yerga
  88. ^ José Luis Orella Martínez, El origen del primer Catolicismo social Español [PhD thesis, Universidad de Educación a Distancia], Madrid 2012, pp. 160, 189
  89. ^ Orella Martines 2012, p. 198
  90. ^ Calvo Gonzalez 1989, p. 394
  91. ^ having assumed the Seville chair Puigdollers commenced “experiencia político-sindical que allí ha de protagonizar” which coincided with “compromise en la experiencia católico-política y syndical universitaria , Calvo Gonzalez 1989, p. 392
  92. ^ Puigdollers embraced “colaboracionismo en el proceso institucionalizador de la Dictadura” and later “vuelta a las pautas de cultura política típicas del Viejo restauracionismo (inmovilsimo, pasividad, transfuguismo, apartidismo), Calvo Gonzalez 1989, p. 395
  93. ^ “representaron un despertar de la conciencia del pueblo español y de su asombrosa capacidad de integración de la obra comunitaria de la nación, habiéndose conseguido objetivos que hasta entonces parecían inasequibles”, Díaz-Llanos, Ezequiel 1966, p. 351
  94. ^ Agulló Díaz 2001, p. 471
  95. ^ Blasco Gil 2012, p. 213
  96. ^ ABC 01.06.28, available Bu yerga
  97. ^ El-Pueblo 04.07.28, available Bu yerga
  98. ^ Araque Hontangas 2014
  99. ^ one his Puigdollers’ booklets was Organización y funcionamento del Boerdenbond (1930), a 28-page work on Belgian farmers’ league; the booklet demonstrated Puigdollers’ interest in social Catholicism
  100. ^ qarang masalan. his 1927 lecture Cómo Dios hizo propietarios a todos los hombres va La Propiedad privada como forma histórica primitiva, Oro de Ley 28.02.28, available Bu yerga
  101. ^ La Correspondencia de Valencia 04.05.29, available Bu yerga
  102. ^ ABC 06.02.29, available Bu yerga
  103. ^ Xulio Lopes ezñiguez, La Unión Patriótica y el Somatén Valencianos (1923-1930), Valencia 2017, ISBN  9788491341284, p. 76
  104. ^ Puigdollers viewed the republic as “colapso en esa marcha ascendente de España”, Díaz-Llanos, Ezequiel 1966, p. 351
  105. ^ Rivaya 2009, p. 552
  106. ^ Xose Luis Orella, Precursores intelectuales de una derecha católica española, [in:] Altar Mayor 141 (2011), p. 738
  107. ^ he was president of the Valencian ACNdP branch, La Correspondencia de Valencia 25.02.31, available Bu yerga
  108. ^ ABC 22.06.32, available Bu yerga
  109. ^ Las-provinsiyalar 16.02.33, available Bu yerga
  110. ^ Marzal Rodríguez 2011, p. 57
  111. ^ Díaz-Llanos, Ezequiel 1966, p. 352
  112. ^ ABC 19.06.36, available Bu yerga
  113. ^ El Catnabrico 22.08.34, available Bu yerga
  114. ^ Marzal Rodríguez 2011, p. 58
  115. ^ in 1935 Puigdollers protested against nomination of Gerardo Abad Conde to the law chair in Canarias; in an open letter he claimed that Abad compromised himself by presiding over seizure of Jesuit property, Acción Española 79 (1935), available Bu yerga
  116. ^ in early 1936 a unofficial Carlist mouthpiece, El Siglo Futuro, hailed Puigdollers as “luchador valiente e infatigable por nuestros ideales”, El Siglo Futuro 12.03.36, available Bu yerga
  117. ^ ABC 10.02.36, available Bu yerga
  118. ^ El-Pueblo [Valencia] 23.02.36
  119. ^ El Siglo Futuro 12.03.36, available Bu yerga
  120. ^ El Siglo Futuro 13.04.36, available Bu yerga
  121. ^ Araque Hontangas 2014
  122. ^ Andreu Gines i Sanchez, La instauració del franquisme al País Valencià, Valencia 2010, ISBN  9788437078113, p. 60
  123. ^ Araque Hontangas 2014
  124. ^ La Union 18.09.36, available Bu yerga
  125. ^ according to some sources at unspecified time during the Civil War Puigdollers entered Instituto Nacional de Segunda Enseñanza de Peñaflorida in San Sebastián, Araque Hontangas 2014
  126. ^ Robert Vallverdu i Marti, La metamorfosi del carlisme català: del "Déu, Pàtria i Rei" a l'Assamblea de Catalunya (1936-1975), Barcelona 2014, ISBN  9788498837261, p. 46
  127. ^ Martin Blinxorn, Ispaniyadagi karlizm va inqiroz 1931-1939 yillar, Kembrij 2008 yil, ISBN  9780521086349, p. 282
  128. ^ officially he was Delegado de Primera Enseñanza, El Adelanto 01.05.37, available Bu yerga. He might have temporarily acted even as president of the entire CCE, Boletin Oficial de la Provincia de Oviedo 07.07.37, available Bu yerga. Most sources agree that until early 1938 the body was presided by Pemán, see e.g. Fernando Navarro Cardoso, José María Pemán y la depuración universitaria, [in:] Todos Los Nombres service 04.09.15, p. 10, mavjud Bu yerga
  129. ^ see comments about “triste tarea de depurar de elementos desafectos al personal docente universitario”, Rivaya 2009, p. 560, or an organization devoted to the “infelicitious task of purging the universities of unaligned professors”, Pattaro, Roversi 2016, p. 479
  130. ^ according to one source, Puigdollers maintained a hard, repressive line against a tendency to leniency, demonstrated by Peman; in August 1937 he warned the president of CSE "por haberles hablado de la posibilidad de una revisión de sanciones", Gonzalo Álvarez Chillida, José María Pemán: pensamiento y trayectoria de un monárquico (1897-1941), Cádiz 1996, ISBN  9788477863052, p. 100
  131. ^ Xosep Miralles Kliment, La rebeldía carlista. Memoria de una represión silenciada: Enfrentamientos, marginación y persecución durante la primera mitad del régimen franquista (1936-1955), Madrid 2018, ISBN  9788416558711, pp. 175, 373
  132. ^ El Adelanto 28.10.37, available Bu yerga
  133. ^ Araque Hontangas 2014; one source claims that in May 1938 Puigdollers was also jefe of “Servizio de Culto y Clero”, which appears to be a department with Falange Española Tradicionalista, Pensamiento Alaves 04.05.38, available Bu yerga
  134. ^ Kristobal Robles Münoz, La Santa Sede y la II República (1934-1939), Madrid 2016, ISBN  9788416549504, p. 528
  135. ^ for his contribution to reconstruction of religious buildings in 1984 Puigdollers was named 1984 Caballero de la Orden Ecuestre del Santo Sepulcro of Jerusalem, Araque Hontangas 2014
  136. ^ Jose-Andres Gallego, Anton M. Pazos (eds.), Archivo Gomá. Documentos de la Guerra Civil: Enero-marzo de 1939, vol. 13. Madrid 2010, ISBN  9788400092801, p. 82 and passim
  137. ^ Clara 1988, pp. 497-529
  138. ^ masalan. in Asociación de Hombres de Acción Católica, ABC 22.06.41, available Bu yerga
  139. ^ Boletín Oficial de la Provincia de Cáceres 24.03.43, available Bu yerga
  140. ^ Clara 2000, p. 143
  141. ^ masalan. in 1944 he was nominated hermano mayor de la Archicofradía del Apóstol Santiago, ABC 15.08.44, available Bu yerga
  142. ^ he ceased in 1942, Araque Hontangas 2014
  143. ^ Sáez Alba 1974
  144. ^ Mehnat 02.04.40, available Bu yerga; in 1945 he served within Junta Organizadora of XIX Congreso Mundial de Pax Romana, Araque Hontangas 2014
  145. ^ Hayes asked to speak to the Carlist leader Manuel Fal Conde, but the latter was anxious that speaking to an American official might compromise his neutralist standing, Fal wanted to avoid impression that speaks to foreigners and delegated Puigdollers; Miralles Climent 2018, p. 200
  146. ^ Luis Suárez Férnandez, Franco y el III Reich: Las relaciones de España con la Alemania de Hitler, Madrid 2015, ISBN  9788490605233, p. 312
  147. ^ Puigdollers is listed among “makers of the new juridical studding destined to regulate the relations with the Church”, one of ACNDP men who entered Francoist ruling strata “to be consolidated once as one of the most relevant political families of the Franco’s regime […] the members turn out to be specially relevant in the departments of Justice and Education”, Cristina Barreiro, La ACNdeP y su papel político en el primer Franquismo, [in:] Hispaniya Sakra LXX (2018), p. 683. He is also consistently listed as member of the ACNDP contingent on important state executive positions, Cristina Barreiro Gordillo, Los propagandistas y su papel político durante el franquismo (1939-1953), [in:] Jacek Bartyzel, Roman Bäcker, Joanna Rak, Hiszpania Franco, Radzymin 2020, ISBN  9788366480070, 100-103 betlar
  148. ^ Puigdollers is mentioned neither in Cristina Martínez Carou, Cristina Méndez Salgado, Angel Miranda Ramos, Julia Moreno Casas, Lorena País Negreira, Las relaciones iglesia-estado durante el Franquismo, [in:] Xorandlit xizmat, mavjud Bu yerga, nor in Alberto de la Hera, Las relaciones entre la Iglesia y el estado en España (1953-1974), [in:] Revista de Estudios Políticos CCXI (1977), pp. 618-646
  149. ^ ABC 08.03.51, available Bu yerga
  150. ^ Díaz-Llanos, Ezequiel 1966, pp. 351-352
  151. ^ ABC 29.06.54, available Bu yerga
  152. ^ masalan. in 1964 Puigdollers was present at the opening of Semana Nacional de Arte Sacro in León, ABC 03.07.64, available Bu yerga
  153. ^ masalan. in 1963 he took part in commemoration pf Jaime Balmes, Hoja Oficial de Provincia de Barcelona 08.07.63, available Bu yerga
  154. ^ ABC 03.08.56, available Bu yerga
  155. ^ ABC 16.10.56, available Bu yerga
  156. ^ ABC 06.06.63, available Bu yerga
  157. ^ Pol Preston, Franko, London 1995, ISBN  9780006862109, p. 710
  158. ^ Preston 1995, p. 718
  159. ^ ABC 08.10.64, available Bu yerga
  160. ^ Mercedes Vaskes de Prada, El final de una ilusión. Auge y declive del tradicionalismo carlista (1957-1967), Madrid 2016, ISBN  9788416558407, p. 122
  161. ^ Diario de Burgos 25.07.65, available Bu yerga
  162. ^ Araque Hontangas 2014
  163. ^ Araque Hontangas 2014
  164. ^ Puigdollers passed the official purges process in 1939; in September he was admitted to Instituto Nacional de Segunda Enseñanza in Burgos and in October 1939 he was officially re-admitted to academic work, Araque Hontangas 2014
  165. ^ Pattaro, Roversi 2016, p. 479
  166. ^ Ricardo Gurriarán, Ciencia e conciencia na universidade de Santiago, 1900-1940: do influxo institucionista e a JAE á depuración do profesorado, Santiago de Compostela 2006, ISBN  9788497506441, s. 651, Ricardo Robledo, Esta salvaje pesadilla. Salamanca en la Guerra civil española, Salamanca 2007, ISBN  9788484329015, p. 223
  167. ^ Rivaya 2009, p. 570
  168. ^ Hutchison 2012, p. 127
  169. ^ Rivaya 2009, p. 563, p. 483
  170. ^ Sebastian Martín, Funciones del jurista y transformaciones del pensamiento jurídico-político español (1870-1945) II, [in:] Historia Constucional: Revista Electrónica de Historia Constitucional 12 (2011), p. 184
  171. ^ Pattaro, Roversi 2016, p. 491
  172. ^ in 1955 Puigdollers entered the ACNdP elite as he became socio numerario of the organization, Araque Hontangas 2014
  173. ^ Vasquez de Prada 2016, p. 122
  174. ^ Vasquez de Prada 2016, p. 123
  175. ^ Araque Hontangas 2014
  176. ^ ABC 27.05.41, available Bu yerga
  177. ^ ABC 05.11.54, available mana
  178. ^ Barreiro 2018, p. 684
  179. ^ Barreiro 2018, p. 685
  180. ^ Araque Hontangas 2014
  181. ^ Peter Anderson, Miguel Ángel del Arco Blanco, Mass Killings and Violence in Spain, 1936-1952: Grappling with the Past, London 2014, ISBN  9781135114923, p. 511
  182. ^ Gutmaro Gómez Bravo, Conversión: la Iglesia y la política penitenciaria de postguerra, [in:] Historia Social 78 (2014), p. 109
  183. ^ ABC 07.09.48, available Bu yerga
  184. ^ ABC 14.09.50, available Bu yerga
  185. ^ he declared that “no son las condiciones económicas el principal motivo de esta creciente delincuencia infantil”, Revista de Education 133 (1961), p. 353
  186. ^ Revista de Education 133 (1961), pp. 352-353
  187. ^ ABC 19.02.61, available Bu yerga
  188. ^ Araque Hontangas 2014
  189. ^ ABC 09.10.65, available Bu yerga
  190. ^ ABC 30.07.68, available Bu yerga
  191. ^ Antonio Marín Cara, Almería y los Jesuitas: Cien años en compañía 1911-2011, Almeria 2015, ISBN  9788416027743, p. 454
  192. ^ Josep Clara, Epistolari del bisbe de Girona amb el govern de Franco (1941-1945), [in:] Annals de l’Institut d’Estudis Gironins 30 (1988), p. 497
  193. ^ ABC 22.09.65, available Bu yerga
  194. ^ see Puigdollers record at the official Cortes service, available Bu yerga
  195. ^ Diario de Burgos 05.03.44, available Bu yerga
  196. ^ ABC 13.04.57, available Bu yerga
  197. ^ ABC 16.07.58, available Bu yerga
  198. ^ Ruiz Resa, Josefa Dolores, Política, economía y método en la investigación y aprendizaje del derecho, Granada 2014, ISBN  9788490851128, p. 39
  199. ^ ABC 13.02.44, available Bu yerga
  200. ^ ABC 25.04.63, available Bu yerga
  201. ^ ABC 27.01.66, available Bu yerga
  202. ^ ABC 17.02.46, available Bu yerga
  203. ^ ABC 05.08.72, available Bu yerga
  204. ^ Puigdollers is not mentioned in in-depth studies on Carlism during the Francoist era, compare Francisco Javier Caspistegui Gorasurreta, El naufragio de las ortodoxias. El karlismo, 1962–1977, Pamplona 1997; ISBN  9788431315641; Manuel Martorell Peres, La Continidad ideológica del carlismo tras la Guerra Civil [PhD thesis in Historia Contemporanea, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia], Valencia 2009; Ramón María Rodón Guinjoan, Invierno, primavera y otoño del carlismo (1939-1976) [PhD thesis Universitat Abat Oliba CEU], Barcelona 2015; Daniel Jesús García Riol, La resistencia tradicionalista a la renovación ideológica del carlismo (1965-1973) [PhD thesis UNED], Madrid 2015
  205. ^ Jakek Bartyzel, Nic bez Boga, nic wbrew tradycji, Radzymin 2015, ISBN  9788360748732, p. 263
  206. ^ solishtiring, masalan. Antonio Arrue, Francisco Elías de Tejada, Melchor Ferrer, Memoria de Zumalacárregui: en Cegama el 26 de junio de 1960, Sevilla 1960
  207. ^ El carlismo es el tradicionalismo histórico español, [in:] Hispanidad xizmat, mavjud Bu yerga

Qo'shimcha o'qish

  • Carmen Agulló Díaz, Expediente instruido por la Universidad de Valencia en 1929 a la profesora Da. Carmen García de Castro, debido a la acusación de “difundir entre sus alumnas doctrinas perniciosas”, [in:] Historia de la educación 20 (2001), pp. 467–482
  • Cristina Barreiro, La ACNdeP y su papel político en el primer Franquismo, [in:] Hispaniya Sakra LXX (2018), pp. 681–689
  • Yolanda Blasco Gil, Entre la trayectoria universitaria y social: los catedráticos de derecho de Valencia, 1900-1939, [in:] Armando Pavón Romero (ed.), Promoción universitaria en el mundo hispánico, siglos XVI al XX, Mexico 2012, pp. 191–231
  • Josep Clara, Epistolari de Josep Cartañà, bisbe de Girona (1934-1963), Montserrat 2000, ISBN  9788484151838
  • González Díaz-Llanos, Antonio Ezequiel, Don Mariano Puigdollers y Oliver, [in:] Anuario de filosofia del derecho 1966, pp. 347–353
  • Sebastian Martín, Funciones del jurista y transformaciones del pensamiento jurídico-político español (1870-1945) II, [in:] Historia Constucional: Revista Electrónica de Historia Constitucional 12 (2011), pp. 161–201
  • NAH, Puigdollers Oliver, Mariano (1896-1984), [in:] Carlos Petit (ed.), Derecho ex cathedra, 1847-1936. Diccionario de catedráticos españoles, Madrid 2019, ISBN  9788413243986, 371-372-betlar
  • Benjamin Rivaya, Filosofía del Derecho, derechos humanos y franquismo, [in:] Anuario de filosofía del derecho 13-14 (1997), pp. 941–949
  • Benjamín Rivaya, Historia política de la filosofía del derecho español del siglo XX, [in:] Cuadernos de Filosofía del Derecho 32 (2009), pp. 541–582

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