Musiqa terminologiyasining lug'ati - Glossary of music terminology

Bu maqola uchun qo'shimcha iqtiboslar kerak tekshirish. Iltimos yordam bering ushbu maqolani yaxshilang tomonidan ishonchli manbalarga iqtiboslarni qo'shish. Ma'lumot manbasi bo'lmagan material shubha ostiga olinishi va olib tashlanishi mumkin. Manbalarni toping: "Musiqa terminologiyasining lug'ati"  – Yangiliklar  · gazetalar  · kitoblar  · olim  · JSTOR (2015 yil iyun) (Ushbu shablon xabarini qanday va qachon olib tashlashni bilib oling)

Bu musiqiy atamalar ro'yxati bosilgan ballar bilan uchrashishi mumkin bo'lgan, musiqiy sharhlar va dastur yozuvlari. Ko'pgina atamalar italyancha (yana qarang.) Ingliz tilida ishlatiladigan italyan musiqiy atamalari ) ko'plab Evropa musiqiy konventsiyalarining italyancha kelib chiqishiga muvofiq. Ba'zan, ushbu iboralarning maxsus musiqiy ma'nolari asl yoki hozirgi italyancha ma'nolaridan farq qiladi. Boshqa shartlarning aksariyati frantsuz va nemis tillaridan olingan bo'lib, ular "Fr."va"Ger."navbati bilan.

Belgilanmagan bo'lsa, shartlar italyan yoki ingliz tilida. Ro'yxat hech qachon to'liq bo'lolmaydi: ba'zi atamalar keng tarqalgan, ba'zilari esa faqat vaqti-vaqti bilan ishlatiladi va vaqti-vaqti bilan yangilari paydo bo'ladi. Ba'zi bastakorlar bu erda keltirilgan standart atamalardan ko'ra o'z tillaridan atamalarni afzal ko'rishadi.

0–9

Ushbu organ to'xtash joylarida ba'zi tugmachalarda to'xtash joyining eng uzun (eng past eslatma) organ trubasining oyoqlari uzunligini ko'rsatuvchi raqamlar mavjud.

1′

"sifflet" yoki bitta oyoq organi to'xtaydi

Men

odatda uchun orkestr torli asboblari, o'yinchi parchani eng baland, eng ingichka ipda o'ynashi kerakligini ko'rsatish uchun ishlatiladi

​1 ³⁄₅′

Tierce organ to'xtashi

2′

ikki oyoq - quvur organi ko'rsatma; qarang Organ to'xtashi § Qatlam va uzunlik

​2 ²⁄₃′

quvur organi o'n ikkinchi intervalgacha to'xtaydi

II

odatda orkestr torli cholg'ular uchun, o'yinchi eng baland, eng ingichka torga, ya'ni 2^nd eng yuqori ip

II

naycha organidagi zambil to'xtashi

III

odatda orkestr torli cholg'u asboblari uchun, pleyer eng past balandlikdagi, eng qalin ipga, ya'ni 3 ga qo'shni (lekin balandligi balandroq) torda o'ynashi kerakligini ko'rsatuvchi.^rd eng yuqori ip

4′

to'rt metr - quvur organi bitta gapiradigan daraja oktava 8 ′ dan yuqori

IV

odatda orkestr torli cholg'u asboblari uchun, pleyer eng past balandlikda, eng qalin ipda, ya'ni 4^th eng yuqori ip

IV – VI

aralashmani to'xtatish quvur organida

8′

sakkiz metrli quvur - quvur organining ko'rsatkichi

16′

o'n olti futli quvur - 8 o dan past bo'lgan bitta oktavani chaqiradigan quvur organi ko'rsatkichi

32′

o'ttiz ikki metrli quvur - 8 g dan past bo'lgan ikki oktavani chaqiruvchi quvurli organ ko'rsatkichi, shuningdek subbass deb nomlanadi (ko'p organlarda bu eng past, eng chuqur balandlikda)

64′

oltmish to'rt metrli quvur - quvur organining ko'rsatkichi (faqat bir nechta organlarda bunday chuqurlik bor)

A

a yoki à (Fr.)

da, uchun, tomonidan, uchun, ichida

ala (Fr.)

uslubida ...

battuta

Og'ishdan keyin normal tempga qayting. Bo'lishi mumkin bo'lgan chalkashliklar sababli, mag'lubiyat qismlarida tavsiya etilmaydi battuto (kv.); foydalanish temp, bu xuddi shu narsani anglatadi

yaxshi platsito

Ijrochiga qadar

kapella

yoqilgan "cherkovdagi kabi"; faqat ovozli qismlar, cholg`u chalmasdan

kaprizio

Tempga erkin va injiq munosabat

sabab (a 2)

duet sifatida mo'ljallangan; ikkita ovoz yoki asbob uchun; birgalikda; asboblardan biri uchun yakka qismdan keyin ikkita asbob bir ovozda o'ynashi kerak

niente

Hech narsaga; butunlay yo'q bo'lib ketadigan diminuendoni ko'rsatmoqda

piercer

Xursand bo'lgandan keyin (ya'ni ijrochi quyidagilarni bajarmasligi kerak ritm qat'iy, masalan, kadenzada)

prima vista

yoqilgan "birinchi qarashda". Ko'z bilan o'qish (ya'ni yozilgan yozuvlardan ijro etilgan yoki kuylangan, ammo yozma materialni oldindan ko'rib chiqmasdan; rasmga qarang)

temp

Vaqt o'tishi bilan (ya'ni ijrochi asarning asosiy tempiga qaytishi kerak, masalan, an tezlashmoq yoki ritardando); kabi boshqa atamalar bilan birgalikda topish mumkin temp gigusto (qat'iy vaqt ichida) yoki temp di menyu (minuet tezligida)

ab (Ger.)

o'chirilgan, organ to'xtaydi yoki ovozni o'chiradi

abafando (Port.)

bo'g'iq, jim

tark etish yoki avec (Fr.)

erkin, cheklanmagan, ehtirosli

abbandonatamente, con abbandono

erkin, erkin rejimda

aber (Ger.)

lekin

akarezzevole

Ta'sirchan va muloyim

tezlashmoq (aksel.)

Tezlashtirish; asta-sekin o'sib boradi temp

akselerato

yuqori temp bilan

urg'u

Urg'u, diqqat

accentato / accentuato

Urg'u; diqqat bilan

akseso

Yondi, olovda

kirish mumkin

Tinglash / tushunish oson bo'lgan musiqa

acciaccato

Buzilgan, ezilgan; akkord notalari bir vaqtning o'zida emas, balki pastdan yuqoriga qarab yangraydi

acciaccatura

Ezish (ya'ni juda tez) inoyat eslatmasi bu keyingi yozuvga nisbatan "ezilgan" va o'lchovda hech qanday ahamiyatga ega emas)

hamrohlik qilish

Hamrohlik (ya'ni, o'z xohishiga ko'ra tezlashishi yoki sekinlashishi mumkin bo'lgan yakkaxonni kuzatib boradigan qo'shiq bilan)

aniqlik

Aniqlik; aniqlik. con correctzza: aniqlik bilan

akustik

Aksincha, asboblar tomonidan ishlab chiqarilgan musiqa bilan bog'liq elektr yoki elektron degani

ad libitum (odatda reklama lib; Lotin)

Erkinlikda (ya'ni ijro etilish tezligi va uslubi ijrochiga qoldiriladi. Bu ham buni anglatishi mumkin) improvizatsiya.)

adagietto

Juda sekin (lekin adagio'dan tezroq)

adagio

Sekin

adagissimo

Juda sekin

affannato, affannoso

Azoblangan

affetto yoki con affetto

bilan ta'sir qilish (ya'ni hissiyot bilan)

affettuoso, affettuosamente yoki affektueusement (Fr.)

Bilan ta'sir qilish (ya'ni hissiyot bilan); Shuningdek qarang con affetto

affrettando

Shoshilib, oldinga bosib turing

epchil

Chaqqon, epchil

agitato

Hayajonlangan

al yoki alla

Usulida (ga)al erkak ismlaridan oldin, alla ayoldan oldin)

alcuna licenza

Ichida ishlatilgan con alcuna licenza, vaqt ichida biroz erkinlik bilan ma'no (o'ynash), qarang rubato

alla breve

Kesilgan vaqtda; o'lchov uchun ikki martadan yoki unga teng keladigan

alla marcia

Yurish uslubida

alla polacca

A uslubida polonez, a ³
₄ raqs

allargando

Kengayib boradi, asta-sekin sekinlashadi

Allegretto

Biroz jonli, o'rtacha tez

allegretto vivace

O'rtacha tezkor temp

allerezza

Quvnoqlik, quvonch

allegrissimo

Juda tez, ammo prestoga qaraganda sekinroq

allegro

Quvnoq yoki tezkor; lekin tez-tez jonli, tezkor deb talqin etiladi

all'ottava

"oktavada", qarang ottava

alt (Ing.), alt dom yoki o'zgartirilgan dominant

Jaz-pianist yoki jaz-gitara chaluvchi kabi akkord chaluvchi musiqachilarga kamida bitta (ko'pincha ikkalasi ham) o'zgartirilgan (charxlangan yoki tekislangan) dominant (V7) akkordni ijro etishni buyuradigan jaz termini.

altissimo

Juda baland; Shuningdek qarang altissimoda

alto

Baland; tez-tez tenordan yuqori, ammo sopranodan pastroq bo'lgan ma'lum bir ovoz oralig'iga ishora qiladi

alzate sordini

Ko'taring yoki ko'taring ovozsiz (ya'ni ovozsizlarni olib tashlash)

am Steg (Ger.)

Ko'prikda (ya'ni og'irroq va kuchliroq ohang hosil qiladigan ko'prik yonida egilgan torli cholg'u asbobini chalish); qarang sul ponticello

qulay

Yoqimli, yoqimli

ambitus

Eng yuqori va eng past notalar oralig'ida

amore yoki amor (Sp. / Port., ba'zida u.)

Sevgi; con amore: sevgi bilan, mehr bilan

amoroso

Sevuvchi

anakrusis

Birinchi to'liq satrdan oldingi yozuv yoki yozuvlar; pikap

andamento

O'rtacha uzunlikdagi fug mavzusiga murojaat qilish uchun ishlatiladi

andante

Yurish tezligida (ya'ni o'rtacha tempda)

andantino

Bir oz tezroq andante (lekin oldinroq u ba'zan nisbatan sekinroq degan ma'noni anglatadi andante)

ängstlich (Ger.)

Xavotirli

anima

Ruh; con anima: his bilan

animandosi

Borgan sari jonlantirilgan

animato

Jonli, jonli

antifon

Ba'zan ikkita xor o'rtasida xor javoblaridan iborat liturgik yoki boshqa kompozitsiya; boshqa tarkibning bir qismini tashkil etuvchi ushbu tabiatning o'tishi; Zaburda yoki a-ga o'xshash boshqa liturgik asarda takrorlangan parcha tiyilish.^[1]

antifonal

Xonandalar yoki cholg'u ustalarining ikki bo'limi bo'limlarni yoki musiqani birin ketin almashadigan kompozitsiya uslubi; odatda ijrochilar zalning yoki maydonning turli tomonlarida

apaisé (Fr.)

Tinchlandi

appassionato

Ehtirosli

appoggiatura yoki egilgan yozuv

Bir yoki bir nechtasi inoyat yozuvlari keyingi to'liq eslatmaning ba'zi bir eslatma qiymatini egallaydi.

arko

Ba'zi torli cholg'u asboblarini chalishda ishlatiladigan kamon (ya'ni, aksincha, kamon bilan o'ynaladi) pizzato, egilgan asboblar uchun musiqada); odatda pizzato yo'nalishini bekor qilish uchun ishlatiladi

ariya

Odatda bitta orkestrning hamkori bilan bitta ovoz uchun o'z-o'ziga mo'ljallangan asar (uni pianinochi "an" dan foydalangan holda taqdim etishi mumkin) orkestrni kamaytirish )

arietta

Qisqa ariya

arioso

Havo, yoki havodek (kuy) (ya'ni ariya uslubida); ohangdor

armonioso

Barkamol

arpejjio, arpeggiato

kabi o'ynadi arfa (ya'ni. ning yozuvlari akkordlar bir vaqtning o'zida bir-birining o'rniga tezda ijro etilishi kerak); uchun musiqada pianino, bu ba'zan notalarni boshqacha tarzda ijro etib bo'lmaydigan keng ko'lamli akkordni o'ynashda echimdir; arpeggios tez-tez akkomponent sifatida ishlatiladi; Shuningdek qarang singan akkord

artikulato

Aniq

assai

Juda, juda

assez (Fr.)

Etarli, etarli

attakka

Hujum qiling yoki biriktiring; to'g'ridan-to'g'ri davom eting (ya'ni a oxirida harakat, bo'shliqni yoki pauza qilmasdan, keyingi harakatni oldingisiga qo'shish uchun yo'nalish). Ko'pincha "sifatida ishlatiladiattacca subito, "" to'satdan "harakatga o'tish degan ma'noni anglatadi (so'zma-so'z"to'satdan hujum").

Ausdruck (Ger.)

Ifoda

ausdrucksvoll yoki mit Ausdruck (Ger.)

Ekspresiv, ifoda bilan

avec (Fr.)

Bilan

B

B

Nemis uchun B tekis (shuningdek, shved, norveg, fin, island, daniyalik, xorvat, eston va venger tillarida); H nemis tilida B tabiiy

balabile

(italyan tilidan Balabile "raqsga tushadigan" ma'nosini anglatadi) In balet atamasi tomonidan ijro etilgan raqsga ishora qiladi corps de balet. Atama Katta ballabile agar to'liq metrajli asarda ma'lum bir sahnaning deyarli barcha ishtirokchilari (shu jumladan asosiy belgilar) keng miqyosli raqs ijro etadigan bo'lsa foydalaniladi.

bar yoki o'lchov

sonini o'z ichiga olgan musiqa birligi uradi bilan ko'rsatilganidek vaqt imzosi; shuningdek, uni o'rab turgan vertikal chiziq.

barbaro

Vahshiyona (ayniqsa ishlatilgan Allegro barbaro tomonidan Bela Bartok )

Bartók pizzikato

Ip ijrochilariga ipni barmoq panelidan tortib olish uchun pitszikato notasini ijro etishni buyuradigan atama, u barmoqlar panelida perkussiya bilan orqaga qaytadi.

bosh

To'rtta standart diapazonning eng pasti (bass, tenor, alto, soprano); musiqiy kompozitsiyadagi eng past melodik chiziq, ko'pincha uni belgilaydigan va qo'llab-quvvatlaydigan deb o'ylardi Garmoniya; orkestr kontekstida bu atama odatda kontrabas.

basso davomiyligi

Uzluksiz bosh, ya'ni bosh hamrohlik qism garmonik tuzilishga ega bo'lish uchun akkord cholg'usi (naycha organi, krepostnik, lute va boshqalar) tomonidan, ko'pincha bass boshi bilan doimiy ravishda ijro etiladigan qism; ayniqsa ishlatilgan Barokko davr

jang (Fr.)

Kabi 17 ta qo'shni notalardan iborat bezaklarga murojaat qilish uchun ishlatilgan triller yoki mordentslar

battuto (Ital.)

Iplarni kamon bilan urish (egilgan torli asbobda)

nur

Bir nechta ketma-ket ulanish uchun ishlatiladigan gorizontal yoki diagonal chiziq eslatmalar.

mag'lub etish

1. Talaffuz qilingan ritm musiqa

2. a ning bitta zarbasi ritmik urg'u

belebt yoki belebter (Ger.)

Ruhlangan, jonli, jonli

bellicoso

Urushchan, tajovuzkor (ingliz tili "bellicose")

ben yoki bene

Yaxshi; yilda ben marcato ("yaxshi belgilangan") masalan

egilish

Jazz atamasi pitch o'rnatishni, yarim qadam pastga siljishni va asl pog'onaga qaytishni yoki asl notadan yarim qadam yuqoriga siljishni nazarda tutadi.

beschleunigt (Ger.)

Kabi tezlashtirilgan mit beschleunigter Geschwindigkeit, tezlashtirilgan tempda

bewegt (Ger.)

Tezlik bilan ko'chirildi

ikkilik

Ikki bo'limdan iborat musiqiy shakl: AB

qush ko'zi

Uchun jargon atamasi fermata, bu ijrochiga a dan ko'rsatmalarga rioya qilishni xohlagan vaqtlarida nota yoki akkord ushlab turishni buyuradi dirijyor

bis (Fr., Bu.)

Ikki marta (ya'ni tegishli harakatni yoki parchani takrorlang)

bisbigliando

Shivirlash (ya'ni tremolo ta'sirining o'ziga xos xususiyati) arfa bu erda past ovozda akkord yoki nota tezda takrorlanadi)

bocca chiusa

yopiq og'iz bilan (ba'zan qisqartirilgan miloddan avvalgi)

bravura

Jasorat; kabi con bravura, jasorat bilan, ajoyib texnik mahorat

buzmoq (Ger.)

Keng

ko'prik

1. Kompozitsiyaning ikkita qismini yoki ikkita A bo'limini bir-biriga bog'laydigan o'tish davri (masalan, A / B / A shaklida).

2. Iplarni joyida ushlab turadigan va tebranishlarini asbobning jarangdor tanasiga uzatadigan skripka oilasi yoki gitara / lute torli cholg'u asbobining bir qismi.

brilliant

Ajoyib, uchqun bilan. Ko'rgazmali va ruhiy uslubda o'ynang.

brio yoki brioso

Kuch; odatda ichida con brio: ruh yoki kuch bilan

singan akkord

A akkord unda notalar hammasi birdaniga emas, balki ozmi-ko'pmi izchil ketma-ketlikda ijro etiladi. Ular ketma-ket ketma-ket ketma-ketlik qilishlari mumkin, yoki ikkita yozuvdan keyin darhol boshqa ikkitasi bo'lishi mumkin. Shuningdek qarang arpejjio, bu akkompaniment namunasi sifatida buzilgan akkordning bir turi sifatida qaralishi mumkin; qarang Alberti boshi.

bruscamente

Brusquely, to'satdan

C

kabaletta

Ariyaning yakuniy, tezkor, tomoshabinlarni qiziqtiradigan qismi

aniqlik

Qaror tuyg'usini yaratadigan melodik yoki harmonik konfiguratsiya

kadenza

Yakkaxon bo'lim, odatda a kontsert yoki shunga o'xshash ish, bu ijrochining texnikasini namoyish qilish uchun ishlatiladi, ba'zan juda katta uzunlikda

kalando

Yiqilish yoki pastga tushish (ya'ni sekinroq va jim bo'lish; ritardando diminuendo bilan birga)

xotirjamlik

Sokin; shunday bemalol, xotirjamlik bilan. Shuningdek, kalmato tinchlangan, tinchlangan degan ma'noni anglatadi

kaloriya

Issiqlik; shunday kaloriya, iliq

kambiare

O'zgartirish uchun (ya'ni har qanday o'zgarish, masalan, yangi asbobga)

kanon yoki kanon (Ger.)

Vaqtni kechiktirish bilan takrorlanadigan va taqlid qiladigan va boshqa asboblar tomonidan qurilgan, qatlamli effekt yaratadigan mavzu; qarang Pachelbel ning Canon.

kanabile yoki kantando

Qo'shiq uslubida. Instrumental musiqada, inson ovozi musiqani ifoda etadigan uslubni taqlid qiladigan ijro uslubi, o'lchovli temp va moslashuvchan legato bilan.

kantilena

silliq, lirik uslubda vokal kuyi yoki cholg‘u parchasi

kanto

Xor; xor; ashula

cantus mensuratus yoki cantus figuratus (Lat.)

"O'lchangan qo'shiq" yoki "figurali qo'shiq" ma'nosini anglatadi. Dastlab O'rta asr musiqa nazariyotchilari tomonidan ishlatilgan, u bu haqda gapiradi polifonik aniq qo'shiq o'lchangan yozuvlar va farqli ravishda ishlatiladi kantus planusi. Cantus mensuratus yoki cantus figuratus uchun keyingi muddat kantus musiqasi ("musiqiy qo'shiq").^[2][3]

kapo

1. kapo (qisqacha kapotasto: "nut"): torli asboblar uchun kalitni o'zgartiruvchi moslama (masalan, gitara va banjolar)

2. bosh (ya'ni boshlanishi, xuddi bo'lgani kabi) da capo )

kapriccio

"Hozirgi uslubiy me'yorlardan odatiy ravishda ajralib chiqish bilan xarakterlanadigan hazil, xayoliy yoki g'alati kompozitsiya."^[4] Shuningdek qarang: Capriccio (ajralish)

kapriccioso

Jozibali, oldindan aytib bo'lmaydigan, o'zgaruvchan

cavalleresco

Ritsar (Karl Nilsenda ishlatiladi) skripka kontserti )

cédez (Fr.)

Hosildorlik, yo'l bering

sezura yoki sezura (Lat.)

Tugatish, to'xtatish; (ya'ni tovushning to'liq tanaffusi) (ba'zan tashqi ko'rinishiga qarab "temir yo'l" laqabini oladi)

chiuso

Yopiq (ya'ni qo'l bilan ovozi o'chirilgan) (karnay yoki shunga o'xshash asbob uchun; shuningdek qarang bocca chiusa, bu ayol shaklidan foydalanadi)

koda

Quyruq (ya'ni harakatga qo'shilgan yopilish bo'limi)

kodeta

Kichkina koda, lekin odatda a ga qo'shilgan qismga qo'llaniladi Bo'lim bir harakatga emas, balki butun bir harakatga

kol yoki kolla

bilan (kol erkak ismidan oldin, kolla ayol ismidan oldin); (masalan, keyingi qismga qarang)

kol legno

Yog'och bilan (ya'ni iplar) (masalan, a skripka ) perkussiya tovushini chiqarib, yoyning yog'ochidan urish kerak; shuningdek battuta col legno: o'tin bilan kaltaklangan

kol pugno

Musht bilan (ya'ni fortepianoni musht bilan urish)

kollottava

Yozma yozuvning yuqorisida yoki pastida oktav notasi qo'shilishi bilan; sifatida qisqartirilgan kol 8, coll '8va v. 8va

colla parte

Solist bilan; orkestr partiyasi yoki partiyasidagi ko'rsatma sifatida dirijyor yoki orkestr musiqachisiga yakka ijrochining maromiga va tempiga rioya qilishni buyuradi (odatda qisqa qism uchun)

kolla voce

Ovoz bilan; xor musiqasi / opera partiyasi yoki orkestr qismidagi ko'rsatma sifatida u dirijyor yoki orkestr musiqachisiga yakka xonandaning maromiga va tempiga rioya qilishni buyuradi (odatda qisqa qism uchun)

koloratura

Bo'yash (ya'ni vokal chizig'ini yoki soprano ovozini shu kabi ishlab chiqishga mos keladigan puxta bezak)

ulkan

Juda katta

kelib prima

Ilgari bo'lgani kabi, odatda oldingi tempni nazarda tutadi

sopra keling

Yuqoridagi kabi (ya'ni oldingi temp kabi)

umumiy vaqt

The vaqt imzosi ⁴
₄: o'lchov bo'yicha to'rt marta urish, har biri urish a chorak eslatmasi (qisqich) uzunligi. ⁴
₄ da ko'pincha yoziladi musiqiy xodimlar kabi . Belgi umumiy vaqt uchun qisqartma sifatida C emas, balki buzilgan doiradir; bir vaqtning o'zida to'liq aylana uch marta turardi, ³
₄.

komoda

Qulay (ya'ni o'rtacha tezlikda); shuningdek, allegro comodo, temp comodo, va boshqalar.

komp

1. qo'shiqchi, qo'shiqchi musiqaning qisqartmasi, hamrohlik

2. cholg'u asboblari cholg'u asboblari musiqachining ohangini va qo'lbola yakkaxonalarini qo'llab-quvvatlash uchun ishlatgan akkordlari, ritmlari va qarshi musiqalarini tasvirlaydi.

3. Ostinato

tuzish

1. tuzmoq; hamrohlik harakati.

con

Bilan; masalan, juda ko'p musiqiy yo'nalishlarda ishlatiladi con allegrezza (jonli bilan), con amore (muloyimlik bilan); (Shuningdek qarang kol va kolla )

con dolcezza

Qarang dolce

con sordina yoki kelishik (ko'plik)

Bilan ovozsiz yoki ovozsizlar bilan. Musiqada ko'pincha (noto'g'ri italyancha) con sordino, yoki con sordini (ko‘plik).

kontsert

Yakkaxon asboblar (lar) va orkestr uchun kompozitsiya

kelishik

A-ga tegishli sifat ohangdor bosqichma-bosqich harakatlanadigan chiziq (intervallar 2-chi) aksincha, disjunktli harakatda (sakrash bilan).

qarama-qarshi

Eng past ayol qo'shiq ovoz turi

kontrapuntalizm

Qarang qarshi nuqta

coperti

(ko'plik koperto) yopilgan (ya'ni baraban ustida, mato bilan o'chirilgan)

korda

Ip. Bu fortepianoda u ishlatilishini anglatadi yumshoq pedal bolg'aning bir yoki uchta ipga urilishini nazorat qiladigan; qarang una corda, tre korde quyida.

hisoblash

Urishni aniq aniqlashda yordam beradigan muntazam ravishda paydo bo'ladigan tovushlar seriyasi

kressendo

O'sib borayotgan; (ya'ni tobora balandroq) (kontrast diminuendo )

cuivré

Brassy. Deyarli faqat a sifatida ishlatiladi Frantsiya shoxi texnikasi majburiy, qo'pol ohangni ko'rsatish uchun. Ikkala to'xtagan va baland ovoz bilan belgilangan yozuv bo'ladi cuivré avtomatik ravishda^[1]

saqlovchilar

Musiqa guruhining oxiridagi belgi, bu kelgusi voqealar to'g'risida ogohlantirish sifatida keyingi satrning birinchi notasi balandligini bildiradi. The saqlovchilar odatda qo'lda yozilgan Uyg'onish davri va barokko musiqasida qo'llanilgan.

vaqtni qisqartirish

Bilan bir xil metr ²
₂: o'lchov uchun ikkita yarim nota (minimal) urish. Shunga o'xshash qayd etilgan va ijro etilgan umumiy vaqt (⁴
₄), mag'lubiyat uzunligi ikki baravar ko'payganidan tashqari. Tomonidan ko'rsatilgan . Bu so'zning to'g'ridan-to'g'ri kesimidan kelib chiqadi belgisi umumiy vaqt. Shunday qilib, a chorak eslatmasi kesilgan vaqt ichida atigi yarim urish, o'lchov esa atigi ikki martadan iborat. Shuningdek qarang alla breve.

D.

da capo

Boshdan (ya'ni boshidan) (shuningdek qarang.) kapo )

dal segno (D.S.)

Belgidan ()

dal segno alla coda (D.S. alla coda)

Belgini takrorlang va belgisiga o'ting koda imzo qo'ying, keyin koda o'ynang

dal segno al fine (D.S. al jarima)

Belgidan oxirigacha (ya'ni belgi bilan belgilangan musiqadagi joyga qayting va qismning oxirigacha davom eting)

dal segno segno alla coda (D.S.S. alla coda)

Xuddi D.S. alla coda bilan bir xil, lekin ikkita segno bilan

dal segno segno al jarima (D.S.S. al jarima)

Ikkala belgidan oxirigacha (ya'ni qo'shaloq belgi bilan belgilangan musiqa joyiga qayting (qarang: D.S. alla coda) va asar oxirigacha davom eting)

dekelerando

Sekinlashish; sekinlashtiruvchi; qarama-qarshi tezlashmoq (xuddi shunday ritardando yoki rallentando)

dekiso

Firma

deklamando

Tantanali, ifodali, g'amgin

dekresendo (qisqartirish.)

Asta-sekin kamayib borayotgan hajm (diminuendo bilan bir xil)

kiyik

Dan Lotin deesse ma'no yo'qolmoq; a dan keyin joylashtirilgan katalog ushbu maxsus asar unda ko'rinmasligini ko'rsatadigan qisqartma;^[5] The ko'plik, tushirish, bir nechta asarlarga murojaat qilishda ishlatiladi

delicatamente

Nozik

delicato

Nozik

détaché (Fr.)

Notalarni alohida ijro etish akti

devoto

Taqvodor, dindor

diminuendo xira

Sekinlashish (ya'ni asta-sekin kamayib boruvchi hajm bilan) (xuddi shunday dekresendo )

ajratish

A-ga qo'llaniladigan sifat ohangdor sakrash bilan harakatlanadigan chiziq (intervallar qo'shma harakatdan farqli o'laroq (2-dan ko'proq)

di

Of

dissonante

Dissonant

divisi (div.)

Bo'lingan (ya'ni bir nechta musiqachilar odatda bir xil notalarni ijro etadigan qismda, ular o'rniga yozilgan bir vaqtning o'zida notalarning ijroini o'zaro bo'lishish uchun); u ko'pincha torli asboblar uchun ishlatiladi, chunki ular bilan ijro etilishning yana bir usuli ko'pincha mumkin (qaytish divisi belgilangan unisono )

qil

Jaz termini xromatik ravishda yuqoriga qarab noaniq balandlikka siljigan notani nazarda tutadi

dolce

Shirin; con dolcezza: shirinlik bilan

dolcemente

Shirin

dolcissimo

Juda shirin

dolente

Afsus, shikoyat

dolore

Og'riq, qayg'u, qayg'u, qayg'u; con dolore: qayg'u bilan

doloroso

Afsus, shikoyat

doppio movimento

yoqilgan Ikki marta harakatlanish, ya'ni ikki baravar tezroq

ikki nuqta

Qayddan keyin yonma-yon qo'yilgan ikkita nuqta, uning qiymatining to'rtdan uchi bilan uzaytirilishini bildiradi.

ikki marta to'xtash

Ikki notani bir vaqtning o'zida ta'zim bilan ijro etish texnikasi torli asbob

downtempo

Sekin, kayfiyatli yoki pasaygan temp yoki bunday tempda o'ynagan yoki bajarilgan. Shuningdek, u janrga ishora qiladi elektron musiqa bunga asoslanib (downtempo )

dramatik

Dramatik

dron

Bass notasi yoki akkord kompozitsiya davomida doimiy ravishda ijro etildi

tushirish

Jaz termini xromatik ravishda pastga qarab noaniq balandlikka siljigan notani nazarda tutadi

duolo

(Ital.) qayg'u

dumpf (Ger.)

Zerikarli

Dur (Ger.)

katta; ichida ishlatilgan asosiy imzolar masalan, A-Dur (Katta ), B-Dur (B♭ katta ) yoki H-Dur (B mayor ) (Shuningdek qarang Mol (kichik))

dinamikasi

Musiqa asarini ijro etishdagi nisbiy hajm

E

e (Ital.) yoki ed (Ital., unlilar oldida ishlatilgan)

Va

eko

Italiyaning "echo" so'zi; akslar effekti yaratish uchun notalar guruhi, odatda yumshoqroq va ehtimol boshqa oktavada takrorlanadigan effekt

egal (Fr.)

Teng

eilend (Ger.)

Shoshilayapman

ein wenig (Ger.)

Ozgina

einfach (Ger.)

Oddiy

emporté (Fr.)

Olovli, tezkor

jonli (Fr.)

Juda jonli bo'lish

en cédant (Fr.)

Hosildorlik

en dehors (Fr.)

Ko'zga tashlanadigan narsa, ohangni ta'kidlash uchun ko'rsatma

en mesure (Fr.)

O'z vaqtida

pressant (Fr.)

Oldinga shoshilish, oldinga shoshilish

qarama-qarshi (Fr.)

Sekinlashib, ushlab turing

serrant (Fr.)

Tezroq bo'lish

qamrab olish (Fr.)

Shunga qaramay (ya'ni yana bir bor parchani yoki asarni ijro etish talabi); ro'yxatga olinmagan asarni ijro etish uchun sahnaga qaytib kelgan ijrochi

energiya

Baquvvat, kuchli

enfatiko

Ta'sirli

eroico

Qahramonlik

espansivo

Samarali; hissiy ifodada haddan tashqari ko'p; jirkanch

espirando

Muddati tugaydi (ya'ni o'lish)

espressione

Ifoda; masalan. con (gran, molta) espressione: (great, much) ifoda bilan

espressivo, espress. yoki espr.

(Italiya) ifodali

estinto

Yo'qolib ketgan, so'ngan (ya'ni iloji boricha yumshoq, jonsiz, deyarli eshitilmaydi)

esultazione

Xursandchilik

et (vaFr.)

Va

etwas (Ger.)

Zarf sifatida ozgina, biroz, biroz

etwas edi (Ger.)

Bir oz oldinga siljish

F

yuz

Oson

yiqilish

Jazz termini, aniq balandlikdagi notani pastga qarab pastga qarab sirg'alib o'tayotganini bildiradi

falsetto

vokal registri oddiy ovozdan yuqori

xayol

Hech qanday qat'iy musiqiy shaklga rioya qilmaydigan asar; da ishlatilishi mumkin xayol: tasavvur bilan

feierlich (Ger.)

Tantanali, tantanali ravishda

fermata

To'xtang (ya'ni ijro yoki dirijyorning ixtiyoriga binoan o'tkaziladigan dam olish yoki eslatma) (ba'zan shunday deyiladi qush ko'zi); birinchi yoki oraliq harakat yoki bo'lim oxiridagi fermata odatda o'rtacha darajada uzaytiriladi, ammo simfoniyaning yakuniy fermalari nota qiymatidan uzoqroq vaqtga cho'zilishi mumkin, dramatik ta'sir uchun odatda bosilgan uzunligidan ikki baravar ko'p yoki undan ko'proq

shafqatsiz

Vahshiy

festival

Tantanali rejimda quvnoq

feurig (Ger.)

Olovli

fieramente

G'urur bilan

fil di voce

"ovoz ipi", juda jim, pianissimo

to'ldirish (Ing.)

Ijrochilarga skalyar parchani yoki improvizatsiya qilishni buyuradigan jaz yoki rok-termin riff orasidagi qisqa vaqtni "to'ldirish" uchun lirik iboralar, satrlari ohang yoki ikkita bo'lim o'rtasida

yaxshi

Oxiri, ko'pincha shunga o'xshash iboralarda yaxshi (oxirigacha)

yassi

Belgilar (♭) bu yarim tonna bilan notaning balandligini pasaytiradi. Bu atama, shuningdek, qo'shiqchi yoki musiqachi notaning sakkizinchi yoki chorak yarim tonnasi past bo'lgan notani ijro etayotgan holatni tavsiflovchi sifat sifatida ishlatilishi mumkin.

flautando

Flutelike rejim; barmoqlar paneli ustiga engil, tezkor egilishni bildiruvchi torli asboblar uchun ayniqsa ishlatiladi

tezkor

Zaif, past ovoz

yaroqsiz

egiluvchan^[6]

fokozo yoki fuokozo

Olovli (ya'ni ehtirosli)

forte (f)

Kuchli (ya'ni baland ovozda ijro etish yoki kuylash)

fortepiano (fp)

Kuchli yumshoq (ya'ni baland ovozda, keyin darhol yumshoq; qarang dinamikasi )

fortepiano

An erta pianoforte

fortissimo (ff)

Juda baland (eslatmani ko'ring pianissimo )

fortissimissimo (fff)

Iloji boricha balandroq

forza

Musiqiy kuch; con forza: kuch bilan

forzando (fz)

Qarang sforzando

freddo

Sovuq; shuning uchun depressiv, hissiy bo'lmagan

fresk

Yangi

frohlich (Ger.)

Jonli, quvnoq

fug (Fr.), fuga (lotin va italyan)

To'g'ridan-to'g'ri "parvoz"; shuning uchun murakkab va juda tartibli qarama-qarshi musiqiy shakl; qisqa mavzu (The Mavzu) yakka o'zi bitta ovozda (yoki qismda), so'ngra boshqalarda, taqlid qilish va asar rivojlanib borishi bilan xarakterli rivojlanish bilan kiritiladi

funebre

Dafn marosimi; ko'pincha sifatida ko'riladi marcia funebre (dafn marosimi), bu ajoyib va ​​shiddatli tempni bildiradi

fuoko

Olov; fuoko: olov bilan, olovli tarzda

furiya

G'azab

furioso

G'azablangan

G

G.P.

Katta pauza, umumiy pauza; Ijrochilarga butun ansamblning noaniq uzunlikda dam olishlari, aksariyat baland ovozli bo'lim paytida dramatik ta'sir ko'rsatishi

gaudioso

Xursandchilik bilan

gemächlich (Ger.)

Shoshilmay, bo'shashgan tempda

gemendo

Nola bilan

millatsiz

Yumshoq

geschwind (Ger.)

Tezda

ketmoq (Ger.)

Qarang divisi

getragen (Ger.)

Tantanali ravishda, ajoyib tempda

giokozo

O'ynoqi

gioioso

Xursandchilik bilan

gusto

Qattiq, aniq, to'g'ri (masalan.) temp Giusto qattiq vaqt ichida)

glissando

Bir balandlikdan ikkinchisiga uzluksiz siljish (haqiqiy glissando) yoki bir melodik notadan ikkinchisiga o'tish paytida bajariladigan tasodifiy o'lchov (samarali glissando). Qarang glissando qo'shimcha ma'lumot olish uchun; va taqqoslash portamento.

inoyat eslatmasi

Qo'shimcha nota bezak sifatida qo'shilgan va ohang yoki ohang uchun muhim emas.

grandioso

Katta, tantanali

qabr

Sekin va jiddiy

grazioso (Fr. mamnuniyat yoki muruvvat)

Zo'r

gerriero

Jangovar, jangovar

gustoso

(Bu. mazali, ma'qul) Baxtli urg'u va kuch bilan; ma'qul keladigan tarzda

H

H

Nemis uchun B tabiiy; B nemis tilida B tekis

Hauptstimme (Ger.)

Asosiy ovoz, asosiy qism (ya'ni qarama-qarshi bo'lgan birinchi darajali kontrapuntal chiziq) Nebenstimme)

gemiola (Inglizcha, yunon tilidan)

Ning naqshini o'rnatish ritm yoki artikulyatsiya vaqt imzosi nazarda tutilganidan tashqari; xususan, uch marta (masalan ³
₄) dublyaj naqshini kiritish (vaqt imzosi, masalan, ²
₄). Qarang Sinxronizatsiya.

hervortretend (Ger.)

Taniqli, aniq

ushlab turing, ko'ring fermata

gomofoniya

Bir ovozli (yoki ohang chizig'i) bo'ysunuvchi akkordlar bilan birga musiqiy tekstura; sifatdosh sifatida ham ishlatiladi (homofonik). Bilan solishtiring polifoniya, unda bir vaqtning o'zida bir nechta mustaqil ovoz yoki kuy satrlari ijro etiladi.

kanca

Ommaviy musiqada qo'shiqni jozibali qilish va "tinglovchining qulog'ini ushlash" uchun ishlatiladigan musiqiy g'oya, ko'pincha qisqa rif, parcha yoki ibora.

Men

immer (Ger.)

Har doim

imperioso

Imperial, haddan tashqari

impetuoso

O'tkir

improvvisando

Improvizatsiya bilan

improvvisato

Improvised yoki go'yo uydirma kabi

doğaçlama

Bir lahzada, o'z-o'zidan va tayyorgarliksiz musiqa yaratish uchun (ko'pincha ma'lum bir garmonik doirada yoki akkord rivojlanishi )

alt

oktava yuqorida treble xodimlar, G₅ F ga₆^[7]

altissimoda

Yuqoridagi oktav alt oktava, G₆ F ga₇

modo di

San'atida, uslubida

stendda

Guruch chaluvchilar uchun atama, ular o'zlarining cholg'u asboblarini qo'ng'iroqni yuqoriga va tomoshabinlarga emas, balki musiqa stendiga yo'naltirishlarini talab qiladi, shu bilan ovozni o'chiradi, lekin ovozni o'chirilgan kabi^[8]

incalzando

Tezroq va balandroq bo'lish

innig (Ger.)

Samimiy, samimiy

turib olish

Qat'iy, qasddan

intimo

Intim

kirish

Asarning ochilish qismi

irato

Badjahl

-issimamente

Qo'shimcha ma'nosi kabi ... bo'lishi mumkin (masalan, leggerissimamente, ma'no iloji boricha engil)

-issimo

Qo'shimcha ma'nosi nihoyatda (masalan fortissimo yoki prestissimo)

izq. yoki iz. (Spa.)

Chap (qo'l); ning qisqartmasi izquierda

J

Jazz standarti (yoki oddiygina "standart ")

Jaz repertuaridan taniqli kompozitsiya, u keng ijro etilgan va yozilgan.

jete (Fr. jeti)

Sakramoq; a ta'zim qilish o'yinchiga kamonning sakrashi yoki iplardan sakrashi buyurilgan texnik.

K

klaviaturachi (Ing.)

Har qanday asbobni klaviatura bilan chaladigan musiqachi. Klassik musiqada bu pianino, naycha organi, klaviatura va boshqalar kabi asboblarga tegishli bo'lishi mumkin. Jazda yoki ommabop musiqiy kontekstda bu pianino, elektr pianino, sintezator, Hammond organi va boshqalarga tegishli bo'lishi mumkin.

Klangfarbenmelodie (Ger.)

"Tusli ohang", balandligi yoki ohangini asboblar o'rtasida taqsimlash, turli tembr

kräftig (Ger.)

Kuchli

L

lakrimoso yoki lagrimoso

Ko'z yoshli (ya'ni qayg'uli)

laissez vibrer, l.v. (Fr.)

Frantsiya uchun lasciare vibrare ("tebranishga ruxsat bering").

lamentando

Qayg'u bilan, qayg'u bilan

lamentoso

Qayg'u bilan, qayg'u bilan

langsam (Ger.)

Sekin

largamente

Keng (ya'ni asta-sekin) (xuddi shunday largo)

larghetto

Bir oz sekin; kabi sekin emas largo

larghezza

Kenglik; larghezza: kenglik bilan; keng

larghissimo

Juda sekin; nisbatan sekinroq largo

largo

Keng (ya'ni sekin)

lasciare suonare

"Qo'ng'iroq qilaylik", ya'ni tovushni davom ettirishga imkon bering, namlanmang; tez-tez arfa yoki gitara musiqasida, vaqti-vaqti bilan pianino yoki zarbda ishlatiladi. Qisqartirilgan "lasc. Suon".

sakrash yoki o'tish

A ohangdor qadamdan farqli o'laroq, katta 2dan katta interval. Pog'ona bilan harakatlanadigan musiqalar "disjunkt" deb nomlanadi. Oktava sakrashlar kam emas gulli vokal musiqasi.

lebhaft (Ger.)

Tez, jonli

legato

Qo'shildi (ya'ni muammosiz, bog'langan holda) (shuningdek qarang artikulyatsiya )

leggiadro

Chiroyli, oqlangan

leggierissimo

Juda engil va nozik

leggiero yoki leggiermente

Engil yoki engil (bu so'zning turli shakllari, shu jumladan leggierezza, "lightness", -siz yozilgan men zamonaviy italyan tilida, ya'ni. leggero, leggerissimo, leggermente, leggerezza.)

leidenschaftlich (er) (Ger.)

Ehtiros bilan

qarzga berilgan (Fr.)

Sekin

lentando

Asta-sekin sekinlashadi va yumshoqroq bo'ladi

lentissimo

Juda sekin

lento

Sekin

ozodlik

Bepul

libero

Ozod

lilt

Xursandchilik ritmi

l'istesso, l'istesso tempi yoki mana stesso tempi

Vaqt imzosi o'zgarishiga qaramay, xuddi shu temp, qarang metrik modulyatsiya

mana stesso

Xuddi shu; artikulyatsiya uslubiga, tempga va boshqalarga qo'llaniladi.

Loko

[in] joyda, ya'ni odatda bekor qilish uchun ishlatiladigan yozuvlarni balandlikda yozing 8va yoki 8vb yo'nalish; torli musiqada, shuningdek, odatdagi o'ynash holatiga qaytishini ko'rsatish uchun ishlatiladi (qarang Skripka chalish )^[1]

uzoq urg'u

Qattiq urilib, eslatma qiymatini to'liq saqlang (>)

lontano

Uzoq, uzoq

lugubre

Xursand, g'amgin

luminoso

Nurli

lunga

Uzoq (ko'pincha a ga qo'llaniladi fermata )

lusingando, lusinghiero

Coaxingly, xushomadgo'ylik bilan

M

ma

Ammo

ma non tanto

Ammo ko'p emas

ma non troppo

Ammo juda ko'p emas

maestoso

Muhtasham, ulug'vor

maggiore

Asosiy kalit

sehrli

Sehrli

muhtashamlik

Ajoyib

asosiy droite (Fr.)

[o'ng qo'l bilan o'ynadi] (qisqartma: MD yoki md.)

asosiy o'lchov (Fr.)

[chap qo'l bilan o'ynadi] (qisqartma: MG yoki m.g.)

malinconico

Melankolik

mankando

Yo'qolib ketish

mano destra

[o'ng qo'l bilan o'ynadi] (qisqartma: MD yoki md.)

mano sinistra

[chap qo'l bilan o'ynadi] (qisqartma: MS yoki ms.)

markatissimo

Ko'p urg'u bilan

marcato, marcato.

Belgilangan (ya'ni aksentuatsiya bilan, har bir yozuvni xuddi aksentga o'xshab bajaring)

marcia

A yurish; alla marcia yurish tarzida anglatadi

martellato

Hammered

marziale

Jangovar, tantanali va shiddatli

mäßig (Ger.)

(ba'zan "mässig", "maessig" deb nomlanadi) O'rtacha

Tibbiyot fanlari doktori

Qarang mano destra yoki asosiy droite

o'lchov

Shuningdek "bar ": to'liq tsiklni o'z ichiga olgan musiqiy asar davri vaqt imzosi (masalan. ichida ⁴
₄ vaqt, o'lchov to'rtga ega chorak eslatmasi uradi )

medesimo temp

Vaqt imzosi o'zgarganiga qaramay, xuddi shu temp

aralash

Mavjud qismlarning qismlaridan tashkil topgan, odatda uchta, bir-birining ortidan o'ynagan, ba'zida bir-birini takrorlagan.

melankoliko

Melankolik

melisma

Matn qo'shig'ini kuylash paytida uning notasini (balandligini) o'zgartirish texnikasi

meno

Kamroq; qarang meno mosso, masalan, kamroq mosso

messa di voce

Qo'shiq aytganda, boshqariladigan shish (ya'ni.) kressendo keyin diminuendo, uzoq saqlangan yozuvda, ayniqsa Barokko musiqasi va bel canto davr)^[1]

mesto

Qayg'uli, g'amgin

metr yoki metr

Musiqiy asarning kuchli va kuchsiz zarbalar ritmi naqshlari

mezza voce

Yarim ovoz (ya'ni pastroq yoki o'rtacha ovoz bilan)

mezzo

Yarim; kabi kombinatsiyalarda ishlatiladi mezzo forte (mf), o'rtacha balandlikda degan ma'noni anglatadi

mezzo forte (mf)

Yarim baland (ya'ni o'rtacha balandlikda). Qarang dinamikasi.

mezzo pianino (MP)

Yarim yumshoq (ya'ni o'rtacha yumshoq). Qarang dinamikasi.

mezzo-soprano

Odatda oralig'i A dan pastdan C gacha va F dan o'n birinchi darajagacha cho'zilgan ayol qo'shiqchi Mezzo-sopranolar odatda sopranolarga qaraganda qorong'uroq ovozga ega va ularning ovoz diapazoni soprano va a qarama-qarshi.

MG

Qarang asosiy o'lchov

kichik

Kichik kalit

misterioso

Sirli

mit Dämpfer (Ger.)

Bilan ovozsiz

M.M.

Metronom Belgilash. Ilgari "Malzel Metronome".^[9]

mobil

Mobil, o'zgaruvchan

moderato

O'rtacha; ko'pincha boshqa atamalar bilan birlashtirilgan, odatda tempga tegishli; masalan, allegro moderato

moder (Fr.)

O'rtacha

kamtarona

Kamtarona

modulyatsiya

Bir tugmachadan (tonik yoki tonal markaz) ikkinchisiga o'tish harakati yoki jarayoni. Bunga kalit imzo o'zgarishi ham qo'shilishi mumkin yoki bo'lmasligi mumkin.

Mol (Ger.)

voyaga etmagan; ichida ishlatilgan asosiy imzolar masalan, a-Moll (Voyaga etmagan ), b-Moll (B♭ voyaga etmagan ) yoki h-Moll (B kichik ); Shuningdek qarang Dur (katta)

molto

Juda

mordent

Notaning shkalada darhol uning ostiga yoki yuqorisida nota bilan tez almashinuvi, ba'zan esa pastki mordent va yuqori mordent sifatida ajralib turadi. "Inverted mordent" atamasi odatda yuqori mordentga tegishli.

morendo

O'lish (ya'ni dinamikada va ehtimol tempda o'lish)

mosso

Ko'chirilgan, harakatlanuvchi; oldingi più yoki bilan ishlatilgan meno, navbati bilan tezroq yoki sekinroq uchun

moto

Harakat; odatda sifatida ko'riladi mot moto, harakat bilan yoki tez ma'no

harakat

Musiqiy kompozitsiyaning bo'limi (masalan, a sonata yoki kontsert )

XONIM

Qarang mano sinistra

munter (Ger.)

Jonli

Muset (Fr.)

Dastlab a ijro etgan dron-bas xarakteridagi raqs yoki kuy musette

muta [in ...]

O'zgartirish [ga ...]: asbobni almashtirish bo'yicha ko'rsatma (masalan, nayni pikkologa, F-shoxni B-da shoxga♭yoki sozlashni o'zgartirish uchun (masalan, gitara) muta 6 in D). Eslatma: muta italyancha fe'ldan kelib chiqqan mutare (tuzatmoq); shuning uchun bu "jim" degani emas, buning uchun con sordina yoki con sordino ishlatilgan.^[1]

N

nach und nach (Ger.)

To'liq ma'noda "tobora ko'proq" tobora ortib borayotgan tuyg'u bilan. Ex. "nach und nach belebter und leidenschaftlicher" (kuchayib borayotgan animatsiya va ehtiros bilan)

narante

Hikoya bilan

tabiiy

Belgilar (♮) bu o'tkir yoki yassi ta'sirini bekor qiladi

tabiat (nat.)

Tabiiy (ya'ni maxsus effektni bekor qiling, masalan, kol legno, sul tasto, sul ponticello yoki harmonikada o'ynash)

N.C.

Hech qanday akkord mavjud emasligini ko'rsatish uchun nota akkordlari qatoriga yozilgan akkord va hech qanday uyg'unlik yo'q

Nebenstimme (Ger.)

Ikkilamchi qism (ya'ni ikkilamchi kontrapuntal qism, har doim bilan bir vaqtda va unga yordamchi qism bilan sodir bo'ladi Hauptstimme )

Nicht (Ger.)

Yo'q

niente

"hech narsa", deyarli eshitilmaydigan, yo'q bo'lib ketadigan, ba'zida dinamik bilan ko'rsatilgan n

mobil yoki nobilmente (Ital.) yoki Oliyjanoblik (Fr.)

Asil uslubda

olijanob

Asillik

nocturne (Fr.)

Kecha uchun yozilgan asar

yozuvlar inégales (Fr.)

Teng bo'lmagan yozuvlar; teng ravishda yozilgan juft notalarga uzoq qisqa ritmlarni qo'llashning asosan barokko ijro etish amaliyoti; Shuningdek qarang nota

notturno

Qarang nocturne.

opera

"Raqamlar" dan iborat opera (masalan.) ariyalar bilan aralashtirilgan tilovat )

O

obbligato

Cheklangan, cheklangan

oktava

Bir chastota va boshqasining chastotasi yarim yoki ikki baravar ko'p bo'lgan oraliq. O'n ikki yarim tonna oktavani tenglashtiring, shuning uchun birinchi yoki sakkizinchi (shu sababli "okt" ave) yozuvni katta yoki kichik qismida bajaring o'lchov.

ohne Dämpfer (Ger.)

A holda ovozsiz

omaggio

Hurmat, bayram

bir qism uchun bitta ovoz (OVPP )

Xor musiqasida har bir musiqiy chiziq yoki qismda yakka ovozlardan foydalanish amaliyoti.

ordinario (ord.) {Ital.) yoki lavozim ordinaire (Fr.)

Kamonli torli musiqada, masalan, kengaytirilgan texnikani to'xtatish uchun ko'rsatma sul ponticello, sul tasto yoki kol legno va normal o'ynashga qayting. "Naturale" bilan bir xil.

organ uchligi

Jazz yoki rokda uchta musiqachilar guruhi, ular tarkibiga a Hammond organi pleer va boshqa ikkita asbob, ko'pincha an elektr gitara o'yinchi va barabanchi.

zo'rlik yoki osiya

Yoki (izoh, qo'shimcha yozuvlar yoki qo'shimcha xodim bilan belgilangan parchani bajarishning muqobil usulini berish)

ostinato

O'tkir, doimiy (ya'ni butun bir kompozitsiya yoki uning bir qismi davomida takrorlanadigan qisqa musiqiy naqsh)

ottava

Oktava (masalan, ottava bassa: oktava pastroq)

ouverture (Fr.)

Uverture-ga qarang

ortiqcha

ular ijro etayotgan musiqada hukmronlik qiladigan vokal uslublarini tavsiflash uchun ishlatiladigan atama

uvertura

An muqaddima yoki kirish qismini tashkil etuvchi orkestr tarkibi opera, oratoriya, va boshqalar.

P

parlando yoki parlante

Yoqilgan Gapirmoqda; nutq kabi

Partitur (Ger.)

To'liq orkestr ballari

ehtiros

Ehtirosli

pastorale

Pastoral uslubda, tinch va sodda

patetiko

Ehtirosli, hissiy. Bilan bog'liq atama Pathetique: Chaykovskiyning 6-simfoniyasi kabi hissiy yo'naltirilgan ba'zi asarlarga tegishli ism.

pauza

dam olish

pedale yoki ped

Pianino partiyalarida bu pleyerga tugmachani bosishni buyuradi damper pedali ijro etilayotgan notani yoki akkordni qo'llab-quvvatlash uchun. O'yinchiga pedalni yulduzcha belgisi bilan (*) qo'yib yuborish haqida ko'rsatma berilishi mumkin. Organlar skorlarida u organistga bo'lim bajarilishi kerakligini aytadi bas pedalboard oyoqlari bilan.

pensieroso

Thoughtfully, meditatively

perdendosi

Dying away; decrease in dynamics, perhaps also in tempo

pesante

Heavy, ponderous

peu à peu (Fr.)

Little by little

pezzo

A composition

piacevole

Pleasant, agreeable

piangendo

Literally 'crying' (used in Liszt's La Lugubre Gondola no. 2).

piangevole

Plaintive

pianissimo (pp)

very gently (i.e. perform very softly, even softer than pianino). This convention can be extended; ko'proq ps that are written, the softer the composer wants the musician to play or sing, thus ppp (pianissimissimo) would be softer than pp. Dynamics in a piece should be interpreted relative to the other dynamics in the same piece. Masalan, pp should be executed very softly, but if ppp is found later in the piece, pp should be markedly louder than ppp. More than three ps (ppp) or three fs (fff) are uncommon.

pianino (p)

Gently (i.e. played or sung softly) (see dinamikasi )

pianino-vokal ballari

The same as a vokal ballari, a piano arrangement along with the vocal parts of an opera, cantata, or similar

Picardy uchinchi

A Picardy third, Picardy cadence (ˈpɪkərdi ) or, in French, tierce picarde is a harmonic device used in Western classical music. It refers to the use of a major chord of the tonic at the end of a musical section that is either modal or in a minor key.

piena

Full, as, for example, a voce piena = "in full voice"

pietoso

Pitiful, piteous

più

More; qarang mosso

piuttosto

Rather, somewhat (e.g. allegro piuttosto presto)

pizzato

Pinched, plucked (i.e. in music for bowed strings, plucked with the fingers as opposed to played with the bow; compare arko, which is inserted to cancel a pizzicato instruction; in music for guitar, to mute the strings by resting the palm on the ko'prik, simulating the sound of pitss. of the bowed string instruments)

plop

Jazz term referring to a note that slides to an indefinite pitch chromatically downwards.

pochettino or poch.

Very little; diminutive of poco

pochissimo or pochiss.

Very little; superlative of poco

poko

A little, as in poco più allegro (a little faster)

poco rall

a gradual decrease in speed

poco poco

Little by little

poetico

Poetic discourse

poi

Then, indicating a subsequent instruction in a sequence; diminuendo poi subito fortissimo, for example: getting softer then suddenly very loud

pomposo

Pompous, ceremonious

ponticello yoki sul ponticello (pont.)

On the bridge (i.e. in string playing, an indication to kamon yoki ga pluck very near to the ko'prik, producing a characteristic glassy sound, which emphasizes the higher harmonikalar hisobidan asosiy ); ning teskarisi sul tasto

portamento

Carrying (i.e. 1. generally, sliding in pitch from one note to another, usually pausing just above or below the final pitch, then sliding quickly to that pitch. If no pause is executed, then it is a basic glissando; or 2. in piano music, an artikulyatsiya o'rtasida legato va stakkato, kabi portato )

portato or louré

Carried (i.e. non-legato, but not as detached as staccato) (same as portamento )

posato

O'rnatilgan

popurri or pot-pourri (Fr.)

Potpourri (as used in other senses in English) (i.e. a kind of musical form structured as ABCDEF... etc.; the same as aralash yoki, ba'zan, xayol )

precipitato

Precipitately

muqaddima, prélude (Fr.), preludio (It), praeludium (Lat.), präludium (Ger.)

A musical introduction to subsequent movements during the Barokko era (1600s/17th century). It can also be a movement in its own right, which was more common in the Romantik davr (mid-1700s/18th century)

prestissimo

Extremely quickly, as fast as possible

presto

Juda tez

prima or primo (the masculine form)

Birinchidan

prima donna

Leading female singer in an opera company

prima volta

The first time; masalan prima volta senza accompagnamento (the first time without accompaniment)

Q

quartal

Composed of the musical oraliq ning to'rtinchi; kabi kvartal uyg'unlik

chorak ohang

Half of a semitone; a pitch division not used in most Western music notation, except in some contemporary art music or experimental music. Quarter tones are used in Western popular music forms such as jazz and blues and in a variety of non-Western musical cultures.

quasi (Latin and Italian)

Almost (e.g. quasi recitativo almost a tilovat in an opera, or quasi una fantasia almost a xayol )

sentner

Composed of the musical oraliq ning beshinchi; kabi quintal harmony

R

rallentando yoki rall.

Broadening of the tempo (often not discernible from ritardando); progressively slower

rapide (Fr.)

Tez

rapido

Tez

rasch (Ger.)

Tez

rasguedo (Spa.)

(on the guitar) to play strings with the back of the fingernail; esp. to fan the strings rapidly with the nails of multiple fingers

ravvivando

Quickening (lit. "reviving"), as in "ravvivando il tempo", returning to a faster tempo that occurred earlier in the piece^[10]

recitativo

Recitative (lyrics not to be sung but to be recited, imitating the natural inflections of speech)

religioso

Diniy

tavba qiling

To'satdan

takrorlash

Repetition of a phrase or verse; return to the original theme

restez (Fr.)

Stay in position, i.e., do not shift (string instruments)

retenu (Fr.)

Hold back; same as the Italian ritenuto (pastga qarang)

Ridicolo

Ridiculous, comical

riff

a repeated chord progression or refrain

rilassato

Rahat

rinforzando (rf, rfz or rinf.)

Reinforcing (i.e. emphasizing); sometimes like a sudden kressendo, but often applied to a single note

risoluto

Qat'iy

marosim.

Uchun qisqartma ritardando;^[11] also an abbreviation for ritenuto^[12]

ritardando, ritard., rit.

Slowing down; decelerating; qarama-qarshi tezlashmoq

ritenuto, riten., rit.

Suddenly slower, held back (usually more so but more temporarily than a ritardando, and it may, unlike ritardando, apply to a single note); qarama-qarshi accelerato

ritmico

Ritmik

ritmo

Rhythm (e.g. ritmo di # battute meaning a rhythm of # measures)

ritornello

A recurring passage

akkord

Qarang Arpejjo

rondo

A musical form in which a certain section returns repeatedly, interspersed with other sections: ABACA is a typical structure or ABACABA

roulade (Fr.)

A rolling (i.e. a florid vocal phrase)

rubato

Stolen, robbed (i.e. flexible in tempo), applied to notes within a musical phrase for expressive effect

ruhig (Ger.)

Calm, peaceful

yugurish

A rapid series of ascending or descending musical notes which are closely spaced in pitch forming a o'lchov, arpejjio, or other such pattern. Qarang: To'ldirish (musiqa) va Melisma.

ruvido

Qo'pol

S

saltando

Yoqilgan "jumping": bouncing the bow as in a staccato arpejjio

sanft (Ger.)

Yumshoq

sans nuances (Fr.)

Without shades, with no subtle variations

sans presser (Fr.)

Without rushing

sans rigueur (Fr.)

Without strictness, freely

scatenato

Unchained, wild

scherzando, scherzoso

Playfully

sherzo

A light, "joking" or playful musical form, originally and usually in fast uch metr, ko'pincha minuet keyinroq Klassik davr va Romantic period, in symphonies, sonatas, string quartets and the like; in the 19th century some scherzi were independent movements for piano, etc.

schleppend, schleppen (Ger.)

In a dragging manner, to drag; odatda nicht schleppen ("don't drag"), paired with nicht eilen ("don't hurry") in Gustav Maler 's scores

schlicht (Ger.)

Plain, simple

schnell (Ger.)

Tez

schneller (Ger.)

Tezroq

schmerzlich (Ger.)

Achinarli

schwer (Ger.)

Og'ir

schwungvoll (Ger.)

Lively, swinging, bold, spirited

scioltezza

Fluency, agility (used in con scioltezza)

sciolto

Fluent, agile

skordatura

Altered or alternative sozlash uchun ishlatiladi torlar a torli asbob

scorrendo, scorrevole

Gliding from note to note

sekko (sec) (Fr.)

Dry (sparse accompaniment, staccato, without resonance); bilan basso davomiyligi accompaniment, this often means that only the chordal instrument will play, with the sustained bass instrument not playing

segno

sign, usually Dal segno (see above) "from the sign", indicating a return to the point marked by

segue

Yoqilgan "it follows"; to be carried on to the next section without a pause

sehr (Ger.)

Juda

sehr ausdrucksvoll (Ger.)

Very expressive

sehr getragen (Ger.)

Very sustained

yarim tonna

Eng kichigi balandlik difference between notes (in most Western music) (e.g. F–F♯) (Note: some contemporary music, non-Western music, and ko'k and jazz uses microtonal divisions smaller than a semitone)

shamcha

Oddiy

sempre

Har doim

sentimento

Feeling, emotion

sentito

yoqilgan "felt", with expression

senza

Yo'q

senza misura

Yo'q o'lchov

senza replica

Without repetition: "when a movement, repeated in the first instance, must, on the Da Capo, be played throughout without repetition."^[13]

senza sordina or senza sordine (plural)

Holda ovozsiz. Qarang sordina.

serioso

Jiddiy

serrez (Fr.)

Getting faster

sforzando (sf yoki sfz)

Getting louder with a sudden strong accent

silkit

A jazz term describing a trill between one note and its minor third; or, with brass instruments, between a note and its next overblown harmonic

o'tkir

A symbol (♯) that raises the pitch of the note by a semitone;the term may also be used as an adjective to describe a situation where a singer or musician is performing a note in which the intonation is somewhat too high in pitch

qisqa urg'u

Hit the note hard and short (^)

si (Fr.)

Seventh note of the series ut, re, mi, fa, sol, la, si, in fixed-doh eritma.

sitsiliana

A Sitsiliya raqsga tushmoq ¹²
₈ yoki ⁶
₈ metr^[14]

imzo

Qarang segno

silenzio

Silence (i.e. without reverberations)

taqlid qilish

Similar (i.e. continue applying the preceding directive, whatever it was, to the following passage)

sipario

Curtain (stage)

slancio

Momentum, con slancio: with momentum; with enthusiasm

slargando or slentando

Becoming broader or slower (that is, becoming more largo yoki undan ko'p lento)

noaniqlik

A symbol in Western musical notation (generally a curved line placed over the notes) indicating that the notes it embraces are to be played without separation (that is, with legato articulation)

smorzando (smorz.)

Extinguishing or dampening; usually interpreted as a drop in dynamics, and very often in tempo as well

soave

Smooth, gentle

sognando

Orzu qilish

solenne

Tantanali

yakkaxon or soli (plural)

Alone (i.e. executed by a single instrument or voice). Yo'riqnoma soli requires more than one player or singer; a jazz katta guruh this refers to an entire section playing in harmony. In orchestral works, soli refers to a divided string section with only one player to a line.

solo break

A jazz term that instructs a lead player or ritm bo'limi member to play an improvised solo kadenza for one or two measures (sometimes abbreviated as "break"), without any accompaniment. The solo part is often played in a rhythmically free manner, until the player performs a pickup or lead-in line, at which time the band recommences playing in the original tempo.

sommo (masc.), somma (fem.)

Highest, maximum; con somma passione: with the greatest passion

sonata

A piece o'ynadi farqli o'laroq kuylandi

sonatina

A little sonata

sonatine

A little sonata, used in some countries instead of sonatina

sonore

Sonorous (Deep or ringing sound)

sonoro

With full sound

sopra

Above; directive to cross hands in a composition for piano, e.g. Xonim. sopra: left hand over; opposite: sotto (quyida)

sopra una corda yoki sull'istessa corda

To be played on one string

soprano

The highest of the standard four voice ranges (bass, tenor, alto, soprano)

sordina, sordine (plural)

A ovozsiz, Eslatma: sordina, with plural sordine, is strictly correct Italian, but the forms sordino va sordini are much more commonly used as terms in music. Instruments can have their tone muted with wood, rubber, metal, or plastic devices, (for string instruments, mutes are clipped to the bridge; for brass instruments, mutes are inserted in the bell), or parts of the body (guitar; French Horn), or fabric (clarinet; timpani), among other means. In piano music (notably in Beethoven's Oy nurli Sonata ), senza sordini or senza sordina (or some variant) is sometimes used to mean saqlang pedalni ushlab turish tushkunlikka tushgan, since the sustain pedal lifts the dampers off the strings, with the effect that all notes are sustained indefinitely.

sordino

Qarang sordina.

sortita

A principal singer's first entrance in an opera

sospirando

Xo'rsinib

sostendo (Galician)

holding back, (notably used in El Camino Real by Alfred Reed)

sostenuto

Sustained, lengthened

sotto voce

In an undertone (i.e. quietly)

soutenu (Fr.)

barqaror

spianato

Smooth, even

spiccato

Distinct, separated (i.e. a way of playing the violin and other bowed instruments by bouncing the bow on the string, giving a characteristic staccato effect)

spinto

Yoqilgan "pushed"

spiro

Spirit, con spirito: with spirit, with feeling

spiroso

Ruhlangan

stakkato

Making each note brief and detached; the opposite of legato. Yilda musiqiy yozuv, a small dot under or over the head of the note indicates that it is to be articulated as staccato.

misra

A verse of a song

ildiz

Vertical line that is directly connected to the [note] head.

stentando or stentato (sten. or stent.)

Labored, heavy, in a dragging manner, holding back each note

stornello

Originally truly 'improvised' now taken as 'appearing to be improvised,' an Italian 'folk' song, the style of which used for example by Puccini in certain of his operas

strascinando or strascicante

Indicating a passage should be played in a heavily slurred manner; in some contexts it indicates a rhythmic motion resembling shuffling

strepitoso

Noisy, forceful

Stretto

Tight, narrow (i.e. faster or hastening ahead); also, a passage in a fug unda qarama-qarshi texture is denser, with close overlapping entries of the subject in different voices; by extension, similar closely imitative passages in other compositions

stringendo

Gradually getting faster (literally, tightening, narrowing) (i.e. with a pressing forward or acceleration of the tempo, that is, becoming Stretto )

strisciando

To be played with a smooth slur, a glissando

suave (Sp.)

Yumshoq

subito

Immediately (e.g. subito pp, which instructs the player to suddenly drop to pianissimo as an effect); sifatida qisqartiriladi sub.

sul

Yoqilgan "on the", as in sul ponticello (on the bridge); sul tasto (on the fingerboard); sul E (on the E string), etc.

sul E

"on the E", indicating a passage is to be played on the E string of a violin. Also seen: sul A, sul D, sul G, sul C, indicating a passage to be played on one of the other strings of a string instrument.

suono reale

Actual sound; primarily used with notated harmonics where the written pitch is also the sounding pitch

sur la touche (Fr.)

Sul tasto

sinxronizatsiya

A disturbance or interruption of the regular flow of downbeat rhythm with emphasis on the sub-division or up-beat (e.g. in Ragtime musiqa).

T

tacet (Lat.)

Yoqilgan "he/she keeps silent": do not play

tasto, sul tasto yoki tastiera (tast.)

On the fingerboard (i.e. in string playing, an indication to bow or to pluck over the barmoq paneli ); playing over the fingerboard produces a duller, less harmonically rich, gentler tone. Ning teskarisi sul ponticello.

tasto yakkaxon

'single key'; ishlatilgan basso davomiyligi part to indicate that the notes should be played only by the bass instrument, without harmony/chords played by the harpsichordist/organist

temp

Time (i.e. the overall speed of a piece of music)

tempo di marcia

March tempo

tempo di mezzo

The middle section of a double aria, commonly found in bel canto era Italian operas, especially those of Rossini, Bellini, Donizetti, and their contemporaries as well in many early operas by Verdi. When present, the tempo di mezzo generally signals a shift in the drama from the slow cantabile of the first part to the kabaletta of the second, and this can take the form of some dramatic announcement or action to which the character(s) react in the cabaletta finale.^[15]

tempo di valzer

Waltz tempo

tempo giusto

In strict time

tempo primo, tempo uno, or tempo I (sometimes tempo I° or tempo ^1ero)

Resume the original speed

temp rubato

"Stolen time"; an expressive way of performing a rhythm; qarang rubato

ten.

Qarang tenuto

teneramente; tendre or tendrement (Fr.)

Mehr bilan

tenerezza

Nozik

tenor

The second lowest of the standard four voice ranges (bass, tenor, alto, soprano)

tenuto

Held (i.e. touch on a note slightly longer than usual, but without generally altering the note's value)

uchlamchi

Having three parts. In particular, referring to a three-part musical form with the parts represented by letters: ABA

tessitura

The 'best' or most comfortable pitch range, generally used to identify the most prominent / common vocal range within a piece of music

tierce de Picardie (Fr.)

Qarang Picardy uchinchi

tembr

The quality of a musical tone that distinguishes voices and instruments

vaqt

In a jazz or rock score, after a rubato or rallentendo section, the term "time" indicates that performers should return to tempo (this is equivalent to the term "a tempo")

tosto

Darhol

tranquillo

Calm, peaceful

trattenuto (tratt.)

Held back with a sustained tone, similar to ritardando

tre corde (tc)

Three strings (i.e. release the yumshoq pedal of the piano) (see una corda )

tremolo

Shaking. As used in 1) and 2) below, it is notated by a strong diagonal bar (or bars) across the note stem, or a detached bar (or bars) for a set of notes.

1. A rapid, measured or unmeasured repetition of the same note. String players perform this tremolo with the bow by rapidly moving the bow while the arm is tense;
2. A rapid, measured or unmeasured alternation between two or more notes, usually more than a whole step apart. In older theory texts this form is sometimes referred to as a "trill-tremolo" (see tril ).
3. A rapid, repeated alteration of volume (as on an electronic instrument);
4. vibrato: an inaccurate usage, since vibrato is actually a slight undulation in a sustained balandlik, rather than a repetition of the pitch, or variation in volume (see vibrato).

tresillo (Sp.)

A duple-pulse rhythmic cell in Cuban and other Latin American music

tril

A rapid, usually unmeasured alternation between two harmonically adjacent notes (e.g. an interval of a semitone or a whole tone). A similar alternation using a wider interval is called a tremolo.

uchlik (shown with a horizontal bracket and a '3')

Three notes in the place of two, used to subdivide a beat.

trist

Sad, wistful

tronco, tronca

Broken off, truncated

troppo

Too much; usually seen as troppo bo'lmagan, meaning moderately or, when combined with other terms, not too much, such as allegro [ma] non troppo (fast but not too fast)

burilish

Multi-note ornament above and below the main note; it may also be inverted. Shuningdek, chaqirildi gruppetto.

tutti

All; all together, usually used in an orchestral or choral score when the orchestra or all of the voices come in at the same time, also seen in Baroque-era music where two instruments share the same copy of music, after one instrument has broken off to play a more advanced form: they both play together again at the point marked tutti. Shuningdek qarang ripieno.

U

un, una, yoki uno

One or "a" (indefinite article), as exemplified in the following entries

un poco yoki un peu (Fr.)

Ozgina

una corda

One string (i.e., in pianino music, depressing the yumshoq pedal, which alters and reduces the volume of the sound). For most notes in modern pianos, this results in the hammer striking two strings rather than three. Uning hamkasbi, tre corde (three strings), is the opposite: the soft pedal is to be released.

unisono (unis)

In unison (i.e., several players in a group are to play exactly the same notes within their written part, as opposed to splitting simultaneous notes among themselves); often used to mark the return from divisi

uptempo

A fast, lively, or increased tempo, or played or done in such a tempo;^[16] it is also used as an umbrella term for a quick-paced elektron musiqa uslubi

ut (Fr.)

First note of the series ut, re, mi, fa, sol, la, si, in fixed-do eritma

V

vagans (Lat.)

Yoqilgan "wandering":^[17] the fifth part in a motet, named so most probably because it had no specific range

vamp

Improvised accompaniment, usually a repeating pattern played before next musical passage. See vamp till cue. See comp and tuzish.

vamp till cue

A jazz, fusion, and musiqiy teatr term which instructs rhythm section members to repeat and vary a short ostinato o'tish joyi, riff, yoki "yiv" until the band leader or conductor instructs them to move onto the next section

variazioni

O'zgarishlar, con variazioni: with variations/changes

veloce

Tez

velocità

Speed; con velocità: with speed

velocissimo

As fast as possible; usually applied to a kadenza -like passage or run

orqali

Away, out, off; kabi via sordina yoki sordina via: 'mute off'

vibrato

Vibrating (i.e. a more or less rapidly repeated slight variation in the balandlik of a note, used as a means of expression). Ko'pincha bilan aralashtiriladi tremolo, which refers either to a similar variation in the hajmi of a note, or to rapid repetition of a single note.

vif (Fr.)

Jonli

violonchel

viyolonsel

virtuoz

(noun or adjective) performing with exceptional ability, technique, or artistry

vite (Fr.)

Tez

vittorioso

G'olib

vivace

Lively, up-tempo

vivacissimo

Very lively

vivamente

With liveliness

vivezza

Liveliness, vivacity

jonli ravishda

Lively, intense

vokal ballari or piano-vocal score

A musiqa ballari ning opera, or a vocal or xor composition with orchestra (like oratoriya yoki kantata ) where the vocal parts are written out in full but the hamrohlik is reduced to two tayoqchalar and adapted for playing on pianino

voce

Ovoz

volante

Uchish

volti subito (V.S.)

Turn immediately (i.e. turn the page quickly). While this indication is sometimes added by printers, it is more commonly indicated by orchestral members in pencil as a reminder to quickly turn to the next page.

V

weich (Ger.)

Gentle, gently

wenig (Ger.)

A little, not much

wolno (Pol.)

Loose, slowly

Z

Zählzeit (Ger.)

Beat

zart (Ger.)

Tender

Zartheit (Ger.)

Nozik

zärtlich (Ger.)

Mehr bilan

Zeichen (Ger.)

Sign, mark

Zeitmaß or Zeitmass (Ger.)

Time-measure (i.e. tempo)

zelo, zeloso, zelosamente

Zeal, zealous, zealously

ziehen (Ger.)

To draw out

ziemlich (Ger.)

Fairly, quite, rather

zitternd (Ger.)

Trembling (i.e. tremolando)

zögernd (Ger.)

Hesitantly, delaying (i.e. rallentando)

zurückhalten (Ger.)

Hold back

Shuningdek qarang

• Jaz va ommabop musiqa lug'ati
• Glossary of Schenkerian analysis
• Musiqiy ramzlar ro'yxati

Adabiyotlar

Tashqi havolalar

• Classical musical terms
• Musical Terms Dictionary Definitions
• Musiqiy lug'at, Dolmetsch Online
• Koul, Richard; Schwartz, Ed (October 22, 2012). "Virginia Tech Multimedia Music Dictionary". Virginia Tech Musiqa bo'limi. Arxivlandi asl nusxasi 2014 yil 22 oktyabrda.